Pneumonia

Pan-pathogen vaccine approaches: Toward broad-spectrum immunity in a One Health era.

Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) represent an escalating threat to global public health, as exemplified by outbreaks of COVID-19, Ebola, Zika, and other zoonotic viruses. Traditional pathogen-specific vaccines, although effective for individual diseases, face significant limitations in addressing EIDs due to long development timelines, resource intensity, and restricted adaptabi...

A 19-layer convolutional neural network for accurate COVID-19 detection in chest X-ray images: comparative analysis with pretrained networks.

One of the most conspicuous developments in the unprecedented worldwide epidemic of COVID-19 is the pressing demand for reliable diagnostic tools. Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and image processing algorithms, this work proposes a novel 19-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for accurate COVID-19 detection from chest X-ray images. This CNN architecture supports structure with single/...

Development and temporal external validation of a high-specificity XGBoost rule-in model for diabetes in middle-aged and older Korean adults.

Early identification of diabetes in older adults is essential for preventing complications, yet many high‑risk individuals remain undetected in commun...

Identification of Key Microbial Signatures Associated With Breast Cancer: Machine Learning-Based Approaches Using Gut Microbiome Data.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common types of cancer incidence and mortality rates among women all over the world. Limitations in ...

Occupational therapists' perceptions of artificial intelligence: Potential, preparedness, and training needs.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming health care, yet its impact on occupational therapy remains underexplored. This study inves...

Trends in Computational Metabolomics: A Perspective on Five Years of Software Development, Challenges, and Opportunities (2021-2025).

Metabolomics software development has accelerated rapidly, yet no recent systematic analysis has quantified how the landscape is evolving across compu...

Development of Machine Learning-Driven Dual-Task Gait Test Model for Cognitive Impairment Screening.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-aided dual-task gait test model for scalable, high-throughput cognitive impairment screening. DE...

Digital and technology-enabled approaches in dietary assessment: addressing bias, error, and feasibility in population- and community-based research.

Dietary intake data are essential for understanding diet-disease relationships, informing policy, and evaluating nutrition interventions. This is part...

AI-driven big data analysis and predictive modeling of infectious disease immunity: from correlates to causal, multiscale understanding.

The ability to reliably predict protective immunity against infectious diseases remains a central challenge in immunology, vaccine development, and pu...

Advancing child health: forecasting the next great research achievements.

Advances in pediatric research have improved the lives of infants, children, adolescents, and society at large. A decade ago the American Academy of P...

Machine learning prediction of sudden cardiac death incorporating multiple lipid markers: evidence from the Taiwan Chin Shan community cohort.

BACKGROUND: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality, but reliable long-term risk prediction in community-based p...

Pediatric post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Taiwan: Insights from the DISCOVER cohort.

The post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID, represent a multifaceted challenge in pediatric populations, characterized by s...

External Validation of a mHealth Tool for Detecting Gingival Inflammation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to externally validate the screening performance of a pro-social (equitable, accessible), explainable AI (XAI)-guided mobi...

Assessment system for short-term lower cranial nerve dysfunction following medulla oblongata glioma surgery: risk stratification and optimal surgical strategy.

OBJECTIVE: Medullary gliomas pose significant surgical risks, particularly the risk of postoperative lower cranial nerve (LCN) dysfunction, which prof...

OpenRad: a curated repository of open-access AI models for radiology.

OBJECTIVES: To create and evaluate OpenRad ( https://konstvr.github.io/OpenRad/index.html ), a curated, standardized repository that aggregates open-a...

Clinical decision support tools in wound management: A scoping review of existing and emerging tools.

AIM: This scoping review aimed to identify and map clinical decision support tools (both digital and non-digital) used by clinicians for wound managem...

Predicting antifolate resistance in the unculturable fungal pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients. Antifolate drug...

Advancing radiology foundation models with reasoning through step-by-step verification from daily reports.

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in reasoning-enhanced large language models (LLMs) and multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) have significantly improved performance in ...

Incorporating geospatial environmental exposure indicators in individual hypertension risk prediction: a multi-stage machine learning pipeline.

BACKGROUND: Environmental exposures are known contributors to chronic disease but are rarely incorporated into risk prediction models. OBJECTIVE: We d...

Advancing poultry health: A meta-analysis of epitope-based and peptide-based vaccines against Avian Pathogenic E. coli with machine learning insights.

INTRODUCTION: Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in poultry, which leads to tremendous economic losses. Traditional contro...