Pneumonia

Head-to-head comparison of the ability of the cardiometabolic index and triglyceride-glucose index to predict 3-year major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from a community cohort.

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and confers an elevated risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic dysregulation substantially influences the AF prognosis. The cardiometabolic index (CMI) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index are non-insulin-dependent surrogate markers of metabolic dysf...

Cell death-related gene signatures as dual-function biomarkers: Early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting in Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) pneumonia constitutes a lethal respiratory infection with persistently high clinical mortality. Although programmed cell death (PCD) pathways are implicated in diverse disease processes, their mechanistic roles in S. aureus pneumonia pathogenesis, particularly as dual-purpose biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting remain insufficientl...

The use of artificial intelligence in decreasing vaccine skepticism and hesitancy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) coincide with decreases in confidence in vaccines. This review examines studies tha...

Using artificial intelligence to advance pediatric infection prevention and control.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent literature describes the deployment of different artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to potentially support infection ...

Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence Defined Lung Nodule Malignancy Score in Incidental Pulmonary Nodules: The CREATE Study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence-based qXR lung nodule malignancy score (qXR-LNMS) in detecting high-risk incid...

Stability of the skin microbiome during short-term in situ and in vitro conditions: Foundational support for the potential to trace skin sites and identify individuals.

As the largest human organ, the skin frequently interacts with the environment and retains abundant microbial information, making it a crucial source ...

Charting exposomethics: a roadmap for the ethical foundations of the human exposome project.

BACKGROUND: The Human Exposome Project (HEP) aims to chart lifelong environmental exposures and their biological consequences, furnishing the environm...

A novel hypothetical protein (SAUSA300_1684) confers excellent protection against multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in the murine model.

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of nosocomial infections, including sepsis, bacteraemia, pneumonia, and endocarditis, and continues to pose a...

Computer Aided Polyp Detection Multi-center International Randomized Controlled Study with a Focus on Community Clinics: GAIN Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Computer-aided polyp detection (CADe) systems can enhance polyp detection, although their performance has largely been evaluated at a...

Critical Temperature Thresholds for Identifying Vulnerability to Heat-Related Excess Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality.

BACKGROUND: Extreme heat is a well-established environmental hazard linked to elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, yet few s...

Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric bacterial pneumonia: current advances and challenges.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The clinical presentation of pediatric bacterial pneumonia often overlaps with that of other respiratory conditions, posing conside...

Addressing Health Disparities through Community Engagement in Artificial Intelligence-Driven Prevention Science.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) in prevention science may improve or perpetuate health inequities. Community engagement is one pr...

Characteristics of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and mediated phosphorus cycle in sediments of urban river-lake interfaces.

Urban river-lake interfaces are crucial areas for substance migration and transformation, and prone to algal blooms. However, the phosphorus (P) cycle...

Soil microbial diversity, stability, and function are enhanced by cover cropping: A machine learning-based pooled analysis of Mississippi agroecosystems.

Cover cropping has emerged as a pivotal strategy to enhance soil health and microbiome functionality across diverse agroecosystems. However, the exten...

Automated diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia on chest CT via the mean curvature of isophotes.

PURPOSE: To test whether the mean curvature of isophotes (MCI), a geometric image transformation, can be used to improve automatic detection on chest ...

Advances in melanoma immunotherapy: harnessing vaccination as a potential novel immunotherapeutic strategy.

Melanoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer, demands innovative immunotherapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review explores recent ...

Atmospheric pollution is associated with microbial community stability and functional diversity in river ecosystems.

Air pollution, which poses a global threat to human and ecosystem health, has been extensively monitored by governments and researchers worldwide. How...

Global eye care frameworks: a review of strategies, gaps, and recommendations for equitable access.

Access to eye care remains a global health priority, particularly for underserved populations in rural, Indigenous, and low-income communities. Despit...

Korean longitudinal study on digitally optimized mental healthcare: a cohort profile.

The Korean Longitudinal Study on Digitally Optimized Mental Healthcare is an innovative multicenter trial-ready cohort study. It aims to develop a dig...

Integrated assessment of total airway count and pneumonia volume on chest computed tomography as a prognostic biomarker for coronavirus disease.

OBJECTIVES: The clinical relevance of computed tomography (CT)-based airway tree structure is unclear. Herein, we used artificial intelligence to segm...