Prescriptions

Association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and risk of urinary tract infection in children: a nationwide longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common bacterial infections in children and can lead to both acute and chronic complications. Although fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal diseases, its role in pediatric urinary tract infections remains unclear; therefore, we examined the association between long-term PM2.5 ex...

Integrating Psychosocial Factors into Artificial Intelligence Models for Predicting Addiction Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into addiction research has expanded rapidly, yet it remains unclear how psychosocial, behavioral, and social-structural determinants are incorporated into predictive models of addiction treatment outcomes. Because recovery is strongly shaped by psychological, social, and environmental context, assessing how AI approaches operationalize...

Small Molecules: What makes them 'small' and why is that important? What can we expect?

Just when newer technologies threaten to render them obsolete, small molecule drugs are under way to becoming first-in-class drugs in allergy and immu...

Health literacy, medication adherence, and quality-of-life scores in Jordanian adults with chronic diseases: a dual analytical study using the long-term conditions questionnaire and the EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire.

AIMS: This study examined the association of health literacy with quality-of-life outcomes among Jordanian adults with chronic diseases using two pati...

Modeling antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study at Pantang Hospital, Ghana.

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to undermine HIV treatment outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana. OBJEC...

Large-scale transcriptomic data mining using explainable XGBoost and SHAP reveals shared biomarkers and molecular mechanisms between type-2 diabetes and triple-negative breast cancer for drug repurposing.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered as a risk factor of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). So, there is a significant chance of their co-existence....

Therapeutic Hybrid Intelligence with Neural and Knowledge-based Expert Reasoning for SRS (THINKERS): a mixture-of-experts AI model for vestibular schwannoma.

BACKGROUND: Outcome prediction after Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for vestibular schwannoma remains largely guided by tumor size, Koos grade, basel...

Understanding drug diffusion and permeation in transdermal patches: A kinetic perspective.

Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) offers a non-invasive method for systemic medication, bypassing first-pass metabolism and allowing controlled release....

Automated detection of marginal bone loss levels in implant brands using deep learning on periapical radiographs.

BACKGROUND: In contemporary dental practice, implants are the standard solution for edentulism. However, the wide variety of implant brands and the pr...

High-throughput signal detection of hepatotoxic drug-drug interactions in hospitalized elderly patients: an NLP-driven pharmacovigilance study.

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients are highly susceptible to drug-drug interaction (DDI)-induced liver injury, yet comprehensive real-world evidence remains...

Lung cancer multimodal auxiliary diagnosis based on entropy weight decision fusion.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer ranks among the most lethal malignancies globally, and its traditional diagnosis suffers from strong subjectivity, high misdia...

Applying machine learning to pharmacovigilance data: A proof-of-concept study.

AIM: Machine learning (ML) applications in pharmacovigilance remain limited and underexplored. Using data from the French National pharmacovigilance d...

Patient centered and technology enabled strategies to improve Tuberculosis treatment adherence.

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment adherence (how regular patients follow the prescribed medication) has a major role in TB control. In high bu...

Interaction Between Air Pollution and Genetic Predisposition to Blood Pressure and LDL-C on Cardiovascular Events.

AIMS: Particulate matter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) air pollution is a leading global environmental risk factor. We investigated the impact of PM2.5 on cardiovasc...

Ethical Considerations in Personal Health Large Language Models.

Personal health large language models (PH-LLMs) have rapidly evolved from research prototypes into consumer-facing, data-linked systems that support s...

A system-level DOI discrimination method based on SSDA for a brain-dedicated DOI-PET scanner.

OBJECTIVE: Depth-of-interaction (DOI) information is essential for improving the spatial resolution in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Exi...

Allergic rhinitis in the elderly. In collaboration with ARIA guidelines.

Rhinitis in the elderly represents a unique challenge, due to specific clinical profiles, needs and expectations. Allergic rhinitis (AR) in the elderl...

DTANet+: Dual Interaction and Kernel-Diverse Network for Drug-Target Affinity Prediction.

Drug-target binding affinity (DTA) is central to computer-aided drug design. Although biochemical assays yield accurate measurements, their high cost ...

YOLO-APLD: A Lightweight Apple Leaf Disease Detection Model Based on Multiscale Feature Fusion.

The precise and timely identification of apple leaf diseases play a key role in targeted pesticide application in orchards. Conventional deep learning...

Validation of latent health behaviour subtypes in young and middle-aged adults with hypertension: a machine learning-augmented LCA approach with external cohort replication.

AIMS: To validate behavioural subtypes among young and middle-aged hypertensive patients using latent class analysis (LCA) and assess their generaliza...