Prescriptions

A frontotemporal dementia-like phenotype in schizophrenia: links to striatal dopamine and iron accumulation.

Some schizophrenia patients share characteristics with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) including gray matter volume (GMV) similarities, suggesting overlapping brain mechanisms that may contribute to disease heterogeneity in schizophrenia. However, it is not yet understood whether schizophrenia patients with a bvFTD-like GMV signature also show additional features of bvFTD. Seven...

Considerations about the proliferation of large language model chatbots and youth mental health.

Young people are experiencing worsening mental health and a growing reliance on online tools and services to address mental health difficulties. At the same time, next-generation large language models (LLMs) that are deployed through 'chatbot style interfaces', using deep learning artificial intelligence akin to interacting with a human appear to mark an opportunity for mental health therapeutics ...

In Silico Prediction of Potential Bile Salt Export Pump Inhibitors Using Pharmacophore Models and Consensus Machine Learning.

The ATP-dependent bile salt export pump (BSEP) is a transporter responsible for moving bile salts from hepatocytes into bile canaliculi. Inhibition of...

Present and Future Post-marketing Drug Safety Assessment in Japan: A PMDA Perspective.

For pharmacovigilance, the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency in Japan has utilized real world data (RWD) from multiple sources, including ind...

Comparing ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro in Adolescent Psychiatric Emergencies: A Real-World Evaluation of AI Support in Suicide Risk Assessment.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the performance of large language models-ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro-in assessing suicide risk and guiding tre...

Generating explainable hypotheses for drug repurposing with graph neural networks.

Biomedical knowledge discovery increasingly relies on computational tools to uncover patterns in complex datasets, yet generating explainable, evidenc...

The ABCD of AI-Enabled Clinical Reasoning: A Guided Framework to Transform Learner Interactions and Decision Quality.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a structured guidance framework articulate, brainstorm and benchmark, critique and customize, and decide and di...

Protein and ligand novelty in drug-target interaction prediction: a dual-encoder fusion strategy for more interpretable and generalizable modeling.

Predicting drug-target interactions (DTIs) is a fundamental task in computational drug discovery, where reliable generalization to novel compounds and...

Comparative evaluation of large language models for generating CAD-RADS 2.0-compliant diagnostic conclusions in cardiac CT reports.

OBJECTIVES: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) has become a cornerstone in non-invasive CAD diagnosis and risk stratification. To standar...

Monotherapy cancer drug-blind response prediction is limited to intraclass generalization.

Monotherapy cancer drug response prediction (DRP) models predict the response of a cell line to a given drug. Analyzing these models' performance incl...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Critical Deterioration in the PICU.

BACKGROUND: Existing PICU early warning systems lack sufficient accuracy and timeliness for effective preparation. Machine learning approaches may imp...

To include or not to include? A prescription from the pharmacy on how to use active learning-assisted screening in systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews are essential for evidence-based decision-making, but the screening stage is often labor-intensive and susceptible to h...

Generalizable deep-learning-based mRNA-protein interaction prediction strongly depends on protein diversity.

BACKGROUND: Proteins regulate diverse biological processes through interactions with other molecules, including RNAs. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are ...

Are Lemons Fast for People With Autism? Semantic and Perceptual Crossmodal Correspondences in Autism Beyond the Kiki-Bouba Effect.

Attenuated sound-shape matching in the classic Kiki-Bouba effect in autism has already been replicated in several studies, but it remains unclear whet...

Use of AI to Predict and Support Medication Adherence in Patients With Breast Cancer: Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Oral medications are commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer (BC), despite high rates of nonadherence. As adherence is fundamental...

Popular Online Content as a Treatment-as-Usual Control in Digital Mental Health Intervention Trials: Secondary Analysis of Two Online Randomized Controlled Trials With Repeated Measures.

BACKGROUND: Treatment-as-usual (TAU) conditions are intended to reflect the support typically received in routine treatment settings. For digital ment...

Algal Interaction-Mediated Biogenic Volatiles Enable Accurate Algal Bloom Prediction.

Algal volatile organic compounds (AVOCs) act as real-time metabolic signals that enable accurate bloom prediction in single-species systems. However, ...

Designing metaverse interaction systems for the Turkish language enhanced by fine-tuning and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG).

The metaverse refers to a digital environment that enables real-time user interaction through immersive technologies. Recent advancements in deep lear...

DisenKGE-DDI: A Knowledge Graph Embedding Framework Based on Disentangled Graph Attention Networks for Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction.

Combination therapy is an essential strategy for treating complex diseases. However, unintended drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can compromise therapeut...

Combining cutting edge computational and experimental methods for targeting kras mutations in non-small cell lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Historically, KRAS mutations have been notoriously difficult to target despite their status as the most commonly mutated oncogene in the...