Primary Care

FTIR spectroscopy imaging coupled with machine learning reveals biochemical changes in the brains of diabetic mice.

Diabetic encephalopathy is a progressive complication of type 2 diabetes, yet its region-specific biochemical changes remain unclear. In this study, we applied Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIRM) to assess metabolic alterations in the anatomical structures of the brains of db/db mice. Spectral data from five anatomically defined regions, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hyp...

Six promising drug repurposing candidates for Alzheimer's disease and their sex-specific mechanisms and efficacy.

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. Despite ongoing research, its exact causes and effective treatments remain elusive. Traditional approaches have focused on symptom management, but breakthroughs in bioinformatics and high-throughput drug screening are offering new pathways to potential therapies. Th...

Intelligent consensus-based QSAR modeling and virtual screening of dual inhibitors of 5HT1A/5HT7 serotonin receptors.

Dual inhibitors of 5HT1A and 5HT7 serotonin receptors provide improved therapeutic effectiveness for depression, anxiety disorders, and neuropsychiatr...

Predicting fracture toughness of human cortical bone from donors with and without type 2 diabetes using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased skeletal fragility, yet standard clinical assessments often fail to detect diabetes-induc...

Computer-Aided Diagnosis Using the Large-Scale Visual Language Models in Screening of Digestive Endoscopy.

China's response to the high prevalence of digestive tract diseases involves conducting large-scale endoscopic screening programs. However, the substa...

Next-generation smart wound dressings: AI integration, biosensors, and electrospun nanofibers for chronic wound therapy.

Polymeric biomaterials, particularly electrospun nanofibers, are increasingly central to the development of advanced wound dressings capable of suppor...

SERS spectrum of saliva combined with machine learning algorithm for early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal disease.

To achieve non-invasive early diagnosis and severity monitoring of periodontal disease, this study employed silver nanoparticles as a surface-enhanced...

Emerging innovations in ophthalmic drug delivery for diabetic retinopathy: a translational perspective.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide. Despite advancem...

Beyond Adverse Childhood Experiences: What Should be Considered for Trauma-Focused Adolescent Mental Health Risk Assessments?

To align with emerging policies for adolescents, feasible, accurate, and equitable trauma-focused assessment protocols need to be developed. To date, ...

Machine learning approaches for improved understanding of factors associated with history of sport-related concussion.

Sport-related concussion (SRC), which accounts for a significant portion of all mild traumatic brain injuries in the United States, can adversely affe...

Deep Learning Photo Processing for Periodontitis Screening.

Late detection of periodontitis has significant health implications. Screening via oral images may serve as an accessible nonclinical method. This stu...

Prediabetes phenotypes: can aetiology and risk profile guide lifestyle strategies for diabetes prevention?

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to worsen globally alongside rise in obesity. Asymptomatic dysglycaemia, which precedes T2D, provides op...

Identification of right ventricular dysfunction with LogNNet based diagnostic model: A comparative study with supervised ML algorithms.

Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is strongly associated with increased mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), making its early d...

Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and dissecting immune microenvironment with crosstalk genes in the POAG and COVID-19 nexus.

An underlying association between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and COVID-19 has been hypothesized, but the causal link and shared mechanisms rem...

Assessment and management of portal hypertension in patients with MASLD: advances and caveats.

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly gaining relevance both as a public health issue and a c...

Artificial Intelligence for Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screening: Comparison of Utilization Scenarios.

. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for evaluating low-dose CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening examinations are used predominantly for assisting radiolo...

Exhaled gas biomarkers: a non-invasive approach for distinguishing diabetes and its complications.

Exhaled gas detection offers a safe, convenient, and non-invasive clinical diagnostic method for preventing the progression of diabetes to complicatio...

Prediction of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Pressure with Generative Adversarial Network Synthetic Plasma-CSF Biomarker Pairing.

Non-invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring can help clinicians safely and efficiently monitor spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (S...

Theory-based chatbot for promoting colorectal cancer screening in a community setting in Hong Kong: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite the organised ...

Autoimmune gastritis detection from preprocessed endoscopy images using deep transfer learning and moth flame optimization.

Gastric Tract Disease (GTD) constitutes a medical emergency, emphasizing the critical importance of early diagnosis and intervention to lessen its sev...