Primary Care

Use of Conventional Artificial Intelligence Methods in the Identification of Frailty: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Early identification and management of frailty are crucial, yet its detection in early stages remains difficult for clinicians. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in healthcare. However, the absence of a standard frailty definition and diversity of AI methods create a need for a comprehensive review. This study examines the clinical tools and conceptual framew...

Protective Effects of Riociguat Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: An Experimental and Machine Learning-Based Study in Rats.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important cause of acute kidney injury following exposure to iodinated contrast media, and effective preventive strategies remain limited. This study investigated the renoprotective effects of riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, in an experimental rat model of CIN and explored machine-learning-based prediction of renal injury using histopatho...

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Electrocardiogram Screening for Asymptomatic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in the General Population.

BACKGROUND: Asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is a well-established precursor of overt heart failure (HF), yet it often remain...

Data-Driven Phenotypic Clusters of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Associations With Risk of Perinatal Complications and Postpartum Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) largely follows a uniform approach, despite growing recognition of GDM heterogeneity. We ...

Application value of gastric contrast ultrasonography in gastric tumors.

In recent years, gastric oral contrast ultrasonography (OCUS) and double contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCEUS) have emerged as promising imaging t...

Joint effects of physical activity and diet quality on depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality in adults with diabetes: NHANES 2007-2018.

Depressive symptoms are common among adults with diabetes and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality. Evidence from genera...

Illuminating the black box of traditional Chinese medicine: The pivotal role of transgenic fluorescent zebrafish.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) holds significant therapeutic potential, yet its modernization is hindered by the i...

A review on molecular crosstalk: Bioactive polysaccharides and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes-Pathways, signaling, and therapeutic translation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired glucose homeostasis, and low-grade inflam...

Longitudinal prediction of BMI using explainable AI: integrating polygenic scores, maternal, early-life and familial factors.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to predict body mass index (BMI) trajectories from childhood to early adulthood using explainable artificial i...

Insulin resistance prediction from wearables and routine blood biomarkers.

Insulin resistance (IR), a primary precursor to type 2 diabetes, is characterized by impaired insulin action in tissues1. However, diagnostic methods ...

High-Fidelity Synthetic Data Replicates Clinical Prediction Performance in a Million-Patient Diabetes Cohort.

Synthetic patient data offer a promising avenue for clinical research, but their usefulness depends on preserving statistical fidelity, biomedical pla...

The Virtual Diabetes Control and Complications Trial #4: Relationship of HbA1c and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics with Severe Hypoglycemic Events.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics relate to severe hypoglycemia (SH) events in individuals with type 1 di...

Improving the Algorithm: The Inclusion of a Socioeconomic Status Measure in Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Development in Youth With Prediabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) contributes to predicting type 2 diabetes development in youth with prediabetes compar...

Deep learning-based identification of chronic pulmonary embolism on CTPA: a regional lung analysis using multiplanar MIP images.

OBJECTIVE: Chronic pulmonary embolism (CPE) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are challenging to diagnose, with delayed detect...

CT acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening: implications for guideline development from a worldwide survey.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the currently applied CT image acquisition protocols in lung cancer screening (LCS) and thereby fill a knowledge gap to support ...

Patient Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Self-Management: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in chronic disease management, including diabetes, where it has the potential to supp...

Bioinspired hybrid optimisation and deep belief neural networks for early chronic kidney disease detection: an explainable clinical AI framework.

The early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to timely and appropriate clinical intervention. However, most CKD diagnostic systems rel...

Protective Effect of the FOXO3 Gene in Cardiometabolic Disease in the CHAMP Cohort.

Recent findings from the Honolulu Heart Program cohort in Hawaii suggest a longevity-associated variant of FOXO3 may provide resilience against cardio...

Use of continuous glucose monitoring to stratify individuals without diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Early detection of metabolic dysfunction before diabetes onset remains a critical challenge in preventive medicine. Although glucose dynam...

Integrated cortical-cognitive signatures identified by machine learning enable early detection of MCI in type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) confers a significant risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), yet robust biomarkers for early detection remain limit...