Public Health & Policy

Evaluation and enhancement of the prognostic ability of the eighth edition of TNM staging in cutaneous malignant melanoma: a population-based study, using machine learning, of 111 871 patients.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the USA and the UK, with global incidence on the rise. The TNM staging system guides treatment decisions and predicts patients' outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prognostic ability of the eighth edition TNM (TNM-8) staging system to predict overall (OS) and melanoma-specific survival (MSS) in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), and to exp...

Augmenting prion surveillance by immunohistochemistry using artificial intelligence-based image analysis.

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) and scrapie are transmissible spongiform encephalopathy diseases caused by prions, infectious forms of the prion protein. Currently, immunohistochemistry (IHC) is the sole approved diagnostic method for confirming these prion infections in formalin-fixed tissues. Evaluation of prion IHC requires specially trained veterinary pathologists to assess multiple quality cont...

Reduction of Electronic Medical Record Documentation Time and Burden Using an Artificial Intelligence Scribe Tool in an Orthopaedic Clinic.

INTRODUCTION: With an aging population in the United States, the demand for joint arthroplasty procedures continues to rise. As patient volumes increa...

CNS-Obsidian: A Neurosurgical Vision-Language Model Built From Scientific Publications.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: General purpose vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities, but their opaque training on uncurated i...

A real-time early warning system to anticipate respiratory disease outbreaks using transfer learning.

Respiratory disease outbreaks burden American healthcare systems with over one million hospitalizations annually, yet current surveillance systems lag...

Precision nutrition for the prevention and management of inflammatory bowel disease.

The rising disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) parallels the changing dietary landscape accompanying industrialization, underscoring th...

A preliminary study of a lifetime long-term care costs estimation model based on changes in care level: implications for sustainable long-term care in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Japan faces an unprecedented demographic shift, characterized by the world's most rapidly aging population and a projected surge in annual...

Bridging pediatric to adult care in cystinosis: a scoping review of healthcare transition of care protocols and a roadmap for future practice.

Cystinosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder that affects approximately 1 in 100,000 to 200,000 live births worldwide. Long-term graft success in c...

Analysis, control, and forecasting the dynamics of SIRD models with saturated treatment and nonlinear incidence.

This study addresses the challenge of managing complex epidemic dynamics exhibited by a novel Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Deceased (SIRD) model. Th...

Artificial intelligence-assisted integrated care to promote colonoscopy uptake (AICC) in China: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) leads to heavy disease and economic burdens globally. Early screening such as colonoscopy has been demonstrated to...

From data to decision: a clinical pipeline for wearable AI in early cardiotoxicity detection.

Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC) is a leading cause of morbidity in cancer survivors, as conventional surveillance often detects cardiac dysf...

A Doubly Robust Machine Learning Procedure to Estimate Disparities by Race/Ethnicity and Sex in the Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Suicidality.

OBJECTIVE: Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are established risk factors for suicidality. Thi...

Global whole-genome, phylodynamic, and machine-learning analysis of Glaesserella parasuis serovars 2, 5, and 12.

Glaesserella parasuis is a respiratory pathogen of swine and the causative agent of Glässer's disease. Among the 15 serotypes, serotypes 2, 5, and 12 ...

AI-Enabled Digital Health Promotion and Prevention: Computational Literature Review.

BACKGROUND: Health promotion aims to strengthen individuals' and communities' capacity to maintain health and well-being through behavior change, empo...

Interpretable machine learning and signal processing for automated reading and quality control of lateral flow tests for schistosomiasis.

There is a lack of automated pipelines for diagnostic classification of point-of-care tests for neglected tropical diseases. Here, we present an end-t...

Predicting cardiovascular death in overweight/obese people with prediabetes using machine learning-a proof-of-concept study.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with prediabetes face an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications, which can ultimately lead to premature mortality...

Consensus statement on the application of artificial intelligence in osteoporosis screening and management: perspectives from the Asia-Pacific region.

UNLABELLED: Osteoporosis is a major and growing health concern in the Asia-Pacific region, y et it remains widely underdiagnosed and undertreated due ...

The role of whole genome sequencing in antimicrobial susceptibility prediction of bacteria: 2025 update from the EUCAST Subcommittee.

SCOPE: The 2017 European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) subcommittee report on the role of Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) i...

Unveiling the gap in heart failure: a Brazilian Unified Health System study.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) decompensation is the leading cause of hospitalisations in developed countries and the third most common cause in Brazi...

Evaluating Crowdsourced Data Collection for Carceral Death Surveillance: Pilot Study Using Amazon Mechanical Turk.

BACKGROUND: People who are incarcerated face significantly higher health risks than the general population, yet deaths in custody remain underreported...