Public Health

CT-based interpretable delta-radiomics model for risk stratification of pulmonary ground-glass nodules: a multicentre study.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and externally validate an interpretable fusion model combining multi-time-point CT radiomics with clinical-semantic features to predict invasiveness of pulmonary ground-glass nodules and support three-tier risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this multicentre retrospective study, patients with pulmonary ground-glass nodules that were resected or managed via CT sur...

Global Adoption and Readiness for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Health Technologies in Infection Prevention and Control (IPC): A WHO Global Survey.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence and digital health technologies may strengthen Infection Prevention and Control through enhanced surveillance, decision-making, and workforce training. However, global evidence on their uptake and perceived usefulness among IPC professionals remains limited. METHODS: This cross-sectional online survey coordinated by the World Health Organization between 21 March...

Comparative analysis of traditional and deep learning time series architectures for influenza A infectious disease forecasting.

Influenza A remains a major cause of respiratory mortality worldwide, motivating accurate forecasting to support timely preparedness and resource allo...

Identifying host-specific patterns in viral protein sequences to predict host spillover risk in animal and plant kingdoms.

Emerging pandemics are often driven by viral spillover events. However, predicting them remains difficult due to the complex interplay between viral g...

Trustworthy artificial intelligence in predictive medicine: cancer survival analysis using ethical-by-design and explainable artificial intelligence models.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop and evaluate a trustworthy and ethical-by-design machine learning (ML) framework for predicting 5-year cancer s...

The VP1 Protein of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus: Bridging Pathogenicity and Control Strategies.

The Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen affecting cloven-hoofed animals. Its major structural protein, VP1, serves as ...

Multi-omics precision diagnosis of brucellosis: Advances in biomarker discovery and clinical application.

Brucellosis, a neglected zoonosis caused by intracellular Brucella bacteria, remains a formidable global public health challenge, especially in develo...

Shaping the future of postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease: personalised approaches with AI-enabled imaging and multi-omics.

Postoperative recurrence (POR) is a major challenge in the long-term management of Crohn's disease (CD), affecting up to 70% of patients within the fi...

Diagnostic stewardship monitoring systems: institutional and system-level approaches.

Diagnostic stewardship-performing the right test for the right patient at the right time-improves diagnostic accuracy and reduces healthcare resource ...

Artificial Intelligence in Physical, Occupational and Neuro-Rehabilitation: Clinical Effectiveness, Prognostic Performance, and Pre-Implementation Feasibility - A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Global rehabilitation needs far exceed capacity, and artificial intelligence (AI) is proposed to extend access, personalise therapy, and s...

Understanding antimicrobial resistance dynamics of non-typhoidal Salmonella in chickens and ducks - a prospective study from West Bengal, India.

This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Salmonella enterica (n = 446) of poultry origin (n = 1020) collected from West B...

Artificial intelligence model predicts malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia and optimizes interventions.

PURPOSE: Oral leukoplakia (OL), the most common oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), poses a significant risk for transformation to oral squamo...

Development of a machine learning-based prognostic prediction model and a web-based tool for pediatric hepatoblastoma: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database study.

BACKGROUND: Prognostic evaluation of pediatric hepatoblastoma (HB) remains challenging due to the low accuracy of traditional risk stratification mode...

Breaking the culture habit: Complementing culture-based veterinary diagnostics with metagenomic data -A case study of feline and canine skin infections.

BACKGROUND: Skin infections have been described as the primary cause for veterinary small animal practice visits, frequently requiring topical and sys...

Plasma proteomic profiles reveal proteins and characteristic patterns associated with hypertension: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal proteomic studies on hypertension remain scarce. We evaluated the epidemiological associations of circulating proteins with h...

Imaging and AI in tertiary prevention of lung cancer: Narrative review and clinical perspectives.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a structured narrative review of current evidence and future directions for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the ter...

An integrated AI-driven vaccine design process: a systematic review of workflows from generative design to translational prediction.

Traditional vaccine development faced significant hurdles, including lengthy timelines and high costs, which hindered rapid responses to pathogens. Al...

Pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains one of the deadliest malignancies, characterized by late diagnosis, aggressive biology and limited therapeuti...

A comparison of two- and three-dose MVA-BN mpox vaccination series on anti-monkeypox virus immunity.

The 2022 global outbreak of clade IIb mpox represented a turning point in public health's handling of poxviruses. The primary vaccine available for th...

Leveraging large language models on free-text symptoms from participatory surveillance enhances pertussis forecasting in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Declines in childhood vaccination in the U.S. have contributed to a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases, including a notable increa...