Public Health

A fractional ABC model for hepatitisB virus transmission with forecasting of epidemic trends using neural networks.

This paper develops a fractional-order HBV epidemic model using the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo (ABC) fractional derivative with a nonsingular Mittag-Leffler kernel to capture memory-dependent epidemic dynamics associated with chronic HBV progression. The model incorporates vaccinated, susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered compartments together with vaccination, waning immunity, recovery, and ...

A bibliometric analysis of research trends and future directions in early detection of pancreatic cancer.

BACKGROUND: Research on the early detection of pancreatic cancer has grown rapidly in recent years; however, existing bibliometric studies in this field have focused on broad research landscapes or treatment modalities, with no systematic analysis specifically mapping the knowledge structure and emerging frontiers of early detection. METHODS: Literature published between January 1, 1986, and Decem...

Cardiac substructure dosimetry in thoracic radiotherapy: moving beyond mean heart dose and toward precision cardiac risk mitigation.

BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) remains a clinically significant consequence of thoracic radiotherapy (RT). Historically, the mean ...

Predictive Modeling of Enterovirus Hospital Burden Using Machine Learning and Age-Specific Surveillance Data: Operational Forecasting in Taiwan During the Postpandemic Era.

BACKGROUND: Enterovirus infections cause substantial pediatric morbidity worldwide, with severe cases requiring hospitalization. Accurate forecasting ...

Advances in the management of pediatric low-grade glioma.

Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), the most common CNS tumors in children, are increasingly recognized as chronic diseases with prolonged courses an...

Impact of meteorological factors on other infectious diarrhea in mainland China: comprehensive risk assessment, forecasting and early warning.

Other infectious diarrhea (OID) is a major public health burden in China and a typical weather-sensitive disease, yet nationwide evidence that links c...

Forecasting monthly hepatitis B cases in China: a nationwide comparative study based on surveillance data.

BACKGROUND: Robust forecasting of hepatitis B trends is important for long-term surveillance and public health planning in China. However, evidence re...

Real-Time and Non-Invasive Detection of Respiratory Viral Infections Using an Intelligent Odor Monitoring System (IOMS).

Real-time monitoring of infection-associated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) offers a non-invasive pathway for early respiratory infection detection...

Artificial intelligence in pediatric endoscopy for hereditary polyposis syndromes: promises and challenges.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Children with hereditary polyposis syndromes require long-term endoscopic surveillance to reduce risks of gastrointestinal complica...

Comparative 10-year performance of mammography artificial intelligence, polygenic, and clinical breast cancer risk models in the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank.

BACKGROUND: We compared performance across 3 breast cancer risk domains-clinical, polygenic, and mammography artificial intelligence-alone and in comb...

Dual-Recognition AIEgens-Lysozyme Assemblies for Interpretable Machine Learning-Enabled Sensor Arrays: Toward Rapid and Transparent Surveillance of Microbial Threats.

Array-based sensing technology holds immense potential for the rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, developing a universal strat...

In silico models in oncology, neurology, and epidemiology: systems-level and multiscale perspectives.

Computational medicine uses mathematical modelling, high-performance computing, and the availability of large-scale biomedical data to study multiscal...

Linking mixtures of air pollution exposures and preterm birth with a self-organizing map.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and heat has previously been associated with preterm birt...

A realistic and sustainable clinical laboratory waste management: challenges and opportunities in resource - limited settings.

INTRODUCTION: Laboratory medicine remains the cornerstone of disease detection, clinical management, monitoring, and public health surveillance. Incre...

Temporal patterns of haemoglobin phenotypes among Nigerian university students based on ten years of surveillance data.

Haemoglobinopathies remain among the most common monogenic disorders worldwide, with sickle cell disease (SCD) and various forms of thalassemia posing...

Effectiveness of screening protocols to reduce MRSA colonization in a pediatric hospital.

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen that can be carried asymptomatically or cause invasive i...

Beyond Validation: Operationalising Post-Deployment Surveillance of AI Medical Devices in Clinical Practice.

Artificial intelligence medical devices are increasingly deployed in clinical practice, yet practical approaches to post-deployment monitoring remain ...

Public antibody clonotypes and deep learning identify SARS-CoV-2 and HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in immune repertoires.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are essential for the development of vaccines and therapeutics against rapidly evolving pathogens like HIV and...

Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine Approaches in Periodontitis: Emerging Technologies from Biomarkers to Artificial Intelligence-Driven Integrated Strategies.

RATIONALE AND PURPOSE: Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease linked to systemic conditions including cardiovascular disease a...

Engineered HSP90-MP65 Bivalent Fusion Antigen: A Novel Vaccine Candidate Against Invasive Candidiasis.

Invasive candidiasis represents a critical global health challenge, causing approximately 6.5 million bloodstream infections annually with mortality r...