Public Health

Enhancing Osteosarcoma Survival Predictions: A Comparative Study of a Multicomponent-Model Machine Learning Approach Integrating SEER and NCDB Data Sets Versus Conventional Single-Data-Set Modeling.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma treatment decisions require accurate prognostic assessment, yet utilization of machine learning (ML) models is problematic because performance degrades consistently when models are applied across data sets. Current single-data-set models (single models) learn population-specific patterns rather than generalizable disease characteristics, limiting their clinical implementat...

Navigating the regulatory landscape of herbal medicines: A global comparison of India, China, Europe, the United States and Japan.

The use of herbal medicines is expanding rapidly worldwide, but regional regulatory systems vary greatly, leading to variations in quality, safety and efficacy. Varying legal frameworks, insufficient quality control and gaps in post-market surveillance create challenges in ensuring the reliability of herbal products. This study aims to analyze and compare the regulations that oversee herbal medici...

AI-IoT driven system for agricultural pest outbreak risk prediction.

Invasive pests pose a significant threat to agricultural production, particularly maize crops, with severe implications for food security. Timely dete...

Overdiagnosis in renal cancer: the hidden consequence of modern imaging.

The global burden of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has risen substantially over the past three decades, while mortality rates have remained largely stabl...

The Italian hand hygiene project: A joint-commission Italian network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene (HH) is a straightforward yet highly effective preventive measure against healthcare-associated infections; however, global c...

Multi-epitope tick vaccines: From computational design to field deployment, immunoinformatics approaches, validation challenges, and translational pathways.

Ticks are major vectors of pathogens affecting both humans and animals, yet effective and sustainable control strategies remain limited. Conventional ...

T-cell-mediated immunity to influenza A (H2N3): implications for caccine efficacy and cross-subtype protection.

Influenza A viruses pose a significant pandemic threat, with H2N3 in particular representing a subtype of particular concern due to limited population...

AI-Supported, Integrative Prediction of Postoperative Delirium: Protocol for the CONFUSED Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a frequent and serious complication in older surgical patients, characterized by acute cognitive dysfuncti...

Explainable AI for public health surveillance: investigating the persistent crisis of intentional injury mortality (suicide and homicide) in the Americas.

Intentional injury mortality (IIM), comprising homicide and suicide, remains a critical public health crisis in the Americas, which not only has the h...

Pangenome-based interpretable machine learning framework for predicting antimicrobial resistance in foodborne Escherichia coli.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in foodborne Escherichia coli (E. coli) remains a significant public health concern. Predicting AMR from whole-genome s...

Development, validation, and implementation of the antibody-secreting cell maturity index: Universal prediction of human plasma cell maturity.

Defining the maturity of long-lived antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is important for vaccine optimization and research into autoimmune diseases, but c...

Domain adaptive uplift modeling across heterogeneous mental health cohorts.

Predicting who will deteriorate under stress is important for targeting mental-health support; yet, treatment-effect models are rarely tested across p...

Environmental Antibiotic Contamination and AMR: Integrating Pathways, Impacts, and AI-Driven Mitigation.

The widespread contamination of the environment with antibiotic residues is a significant factor contributing to the global crisis of antimicrobial re...

Lung Cancer Screening and Prevention: Beyond Conventional Strategies in a Rapidly Changing Global Milieu.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide despite advances in early detection and treatment. Furthermore, its epidem...

Statistical Models Addressing Acute Respiratory Diseases: A Scoping Review.

This review highlights the application of statistical models in addressing respiratory diseases worldwide. A scoping review was conducted following Jo...

Integrating AI Scribe Technology into Public Health Workflows: Simulation and Field Evaluation in Disease Case Management.

The growing integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) into clinical documentation offers new opportunities to enhance public health su...

Predicting COVID-19 Vaccination Decision-Making Profiles Among Dutch Adults: From Survey to National Administrative Data.

Individual's vaccination behaviors are influenced by factors such as values and beliefs. Applying latent class analysis (LCA) to such factors from the...

From Clinical Data Warehouses to Epidemiological Indicators: A Methodology for Real-Time Surveillance.

Clinical data warehouses (CDWs) provide a robust foundation for generating real-world epidemiological indicators from electronic health records. By ex...

ASO Special Article: Proceedings of the Inaugural Joint US-India Cancer Dialogue: Accelerating Collaboration to Advance Cancer Prevention, Early Detection, Treatment, and Care.

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a leading cause of death in both the USA and India. During Prime Minister Narendra Modi's State Visit to Washington, DC in June ...

Japanese-Language AI Agent System for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Infoveillance and Public Communication: Development and Feasibility Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy remains a significant public health challenge in Japan, where proactive vaccination recommend...