Public Health

Informatics for Infection Prevention and Control.

Computer informatics is integral to infection control, a role that will grow as surveillance and reporting become increasingly automated. Surveillance applications include automated infection monitoring, device utilization calculations, and outbreak detection. Prevention uses include identifying multidrug-resistant organism carriers at admission, flagging high-risk patients, reducing unnecessary d...

Machine learning-based 4-domain framework for evaluating COVID-19 policy responses: a counterfactual analysis of 27 European OECD countries.

OBJECTIVES: European countries implemented highly diverse mitigation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, ranging from strict nationwide lockdowns to more voluntary approaches. This study aims to understanding how timing, stringency, and comprehensiveness of policy responses influenced epidemic trajectories by applying machine learning-based counterfactual analysis. METHODS: Data from 27 Europea...

Staphylococcus aureus resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics: global genomic epidemiology and machine learning feasibility assessment.

Staphylococcus aureus is increasingly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics, making non-β-lactam cell-wall-targeting drugs crucial alternatives. Growing r...

Comparative performance of machine learning models in predicting childhood diarrhea: implications for public health surveillance.

Use of artificial intelligence for health science in low- and middle-income countries: NIH portfolio landscape, gaps and opportunities.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the landscape of active US National Institutes of Health (NIH) artificial intelligence (AI) health research grants, with emphas...

[The evolution of antimicrobial therapy for sepsis].

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host immune response to infection, representing a critical global public healt...

[Discovery of multi-omics-based biomarkers for immune-related adverse events: precision management with 3D-SPACE].

This article provides a systematic review of the advances in the precise diagnosis and management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by ...

Effects of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide with cardiovascular mortality: Evidence from a nationwide cohort study.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a significant ambient pollutant whose independent health effects have not been well confirmed. Evidence on the relationship ...

Bridging immunization gaps in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review of microplanning, geospatial, and machine learning approaches to reach zero-dose children and under-immunised children.

Immunization inequities persist across Sub-Saharan Africa, with significant numbers of zero-dose and under-immunised children contributing to preventa...

Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Incomplete Routine Childhood Immunizations Among Children Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Louisiana, March 1, 2020-July 1, 2021.

OBJECTIVE: Routine childhood vaccination rates declined nationwide among children born during 2020-2021 compared with prior birth cohorts. We identifi...

Machine learning in the analysis of mental health at work: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aims to assess the role of machine learning in workplace mental health research by systematically analyzing existing s...

The adaptive large language models for vaccine prediction: A novel approach to vaccine demand prediction with engineered deviation prompts.

Accurate vaccine demand forecasting is crucial for minimizing wastage and ensuring efficient immunization programs. In this study, we introduce an Ada...

Leveraging machine learning for accurate forecasting of pulmonary tuberculosis epidemics in a coastal city in China.

BACKGROUND: While pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a leading notifiable cause of death in China, city-level monthly forecasts with sufficient reso...

Promoting clinical trials in pediatric IgA nephropathy through extrapolation: an artificial intelligence-enhanced literature review of the disease in pediatrics sponsored by the Kidney Health Initiative.

BACKGROUND: There is an urgent need to evaluate the efficacy of novel therapeutics that have been approved for use in adults with IgA nephropathy (IgA...

Overcoming gastrointestinal mucosal barriers: Mechanistic innovations and technical advances in mucosal targeting strategies for animal oral vaccines.

Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms (such as Escherichia coli, Avian influenza virus (AIV), Rotavirus, etc.) that primarily invade...

Enhancing Early Detection of Contralateral Breast Cancer in Breast Cancer Survivors Using AI-Assisted Mammography.

BACKGROUND: Women with a history of breast cancer face an elevated risk of developing contralateral breast cancer (CBC). Although annual mammographic ...

Modifiable risk factors associated with increased retinal age gap in an Australian population.

Retinal age gap (RAG)-the difference between retina-predicted age and chronological age-indicates biological ageing that has been linked to the risk o...

Ta-SLOA: Taylor snow leopard optimization with XCovNet-based object classification using vehicle image.

OBJECTIVE: Detecting objects is a core challenge in computer vision and plays a vital role in applications like self-driving cars, traffic surveillanc...

Trustworthy AI in Digital Health: A Comprehensive Review of Robustness and Explainability.

Ensuring trust in AI systems is essential for the safe and ethical integration of machine learning (ML) systems into high-stakes domains such as digit...

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence-Generated Nursing Care Plans: A Scenario-Based Comparative Study of Accuracy, Completeness, Quality, and Readability.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of three generative artificial intelligence tools (ChatGPT, Gemini and DeepSeek) to generate clinically ...