Public Health

Decoding viral evolution through integrative bioinformatics: From genomes to global health.

Bioinformatics has transformed modern virology by linking genomic variation to epidemiology, protein structure, and public health action. This review integrates core analytical frameworks-sequence alignment and genome annotation; maximum-likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic/phylodynamic inference; codon-based selection and recombination analyses; and AI-assisted structural prediction combined with...

Divergent macrophage-regulated T cell states determine response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine in high-risk bladder cancer.

BACKGROUNDPrimary therapy for high-risk bladder cancer (BCa) is repeated instillations of the tuberculosis vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Although BCG reduces the risk of recurrence by more than half, the mechanisms underlying its immune-activating effects remain unknown. Our objective was to investigate how the immune response differs between BCG responders and nonresponders and to compa...

From risk to resilience: A narrative review on strengthening veterinary clinical biosecurity to prevent healthcare-associated infections.

Veterinary clinical biosecurity is key to preventing infectious diseases in animal clinics, particularly when there is high patient turnover, a mix of...

Generative artificial intelligence for surgical site infection surveillance.

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection (SSI) surveillance can be time consuming and resource intensive. This study investigates the potential of generati...

[Prevention in Gastroenterology].

Gastroenterology offers a broad, evidence-based range of preventive measures that goes beyond colorectal cancer screening. As a specialty of systemic ...

When evidence meets artificial intelligence.

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) integrates clinical expertise, patient values, and best available research evidence, yet classical trial-based approache...

Artificial Intelligence for Public Health Surveillance: Promise, Inequities, and the Need for Transparent Global Adoption.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated a strong technical potential to enhance public health surveillance, but routine implementation remains l...

TinyAct: A framework for real-time action recognition in the cloud through distillation learning.

Human action recognition has become increasingly important for applications in security surveillance, healthcare monitoring, and smart environments. H...

Addressing diagnostic code variability in intimate partner violence surveillance through natural language processing: Evidence from substance use disorder populations.

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use disorders (SUDs) represent major public health challenges, yet identifying IPV cases in ...

Explainable artificial intelligence-enabled intertwined logistics analytics with application in poultry vaccine distribution in the Northwest of Iran.

Intertwining supply chains integrates the corresponding networks across several intersection points, such as suppliers, manufacturers, and transporter...

Development and validation of the Oxford Attitudes to Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Scale.

OBJECTIVE: Public willingness to accept medical artificial intelligence (AI) tools affect the potential real-world impact of these evolving technologi...

Competing gene regulatory networks drive naive and memory B cell differentiation.

Elucidating the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that control human B cell differentiation is crucial for understanding immune responses to infection, ...

Inflammatory bowel disease burden in China and the United States from 1990-2023 and prediction to 2050.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) shows divergent epidemiological trends in China and the United States, necessitating country-specific for...

The tip of the iceberg: Profiling cooling agents using computational approaches to inform tobacco regulatory science.

Cooling agents (chemicals added to impart a cooling sensation) in tobacco products are receiving increased attention due to their use as menthol subst...

Artificial intelligence in public health-challenges and opportunities.

AI solutions are frequently presented as promising solutions to a wide range of global challenges, including public health. However, the potential the...

Dengue vector niche modeling with future SSP climatic scenarios over India using the machine learning-based MaxEnt model.

Dengue remains a major mosquito-borne public-health threat, and climate change is expected to reshape the geographic suitability of its principal vect...

Transfer Learning and Machine Learning for Training Five-Year Survival Prognostic Models in Early Breast Cancer: Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Prognostic information is essential for decision-making in breast cancer management. In recent years, trials and clinical practice have em...

Generative artificial intelligence-driven chatbots and medical misinformation: an accuracy, referencing and readability audit.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots have been rapidly adopted across research, education, business, marketing and medicine. Most ...

Predicting Nosocomial Infections in Hematologic Patients: A Machine Learning Model Based on Dynamic Body Temperature Trajectories.

AIMS: To identify body temperature dynamic patterns and develop a machine learning model for the early detection of nosocomial infections. DESIGN: A r...

Spatiotemporal patterns of climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases in Bangladesh: leveraging machine learning and spatial regression for intervention strategies.

BACKGROUND: Bangladesh has a noticeable rise in vector-borne diseases (VBD) attributed to climate change. Accurately mapping, predicting, and identify...