Public Health

Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Endoscopic Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Diagnosis, Surveillance, and Assessment.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, presents substantial diagnostic and management challenges because of its variable clinical course and the limitations of conventional endoscopy. Although endoscopic procedures are crucial for diagnosis and surveillance, their inherent subjectivity and inter-observer variability complicate disease assessment. Recent...

Automated identification of spotted-fever tick vectors using convolutional neural networks.

Ticks are key ectoparasites for the One Health approach, as they are vectors of pathogens that infect humans, domestic and wild animals. The bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii and R. parkeri are the aetiological agents of tick-borne spotted fever (SF) in South America, where Amblyomma sculptum, A. aureolatum, A. ovale and A. triste are the main vectors. Studies in the medical and biological fields sho...

Developing Nationwide Estimates of Built Environment Quality Characteristics Using Street-View Imagery and Computer Vision.

Environmental health studies commonly rely on urban composition measures for built environment exposure assessment. However, quality measures are equa...

Deep learning-driven insights into the transmission dynamics of hepatitis B virus with treatment.

Viral infections have spread globally, profoundly affecting social and economic aspects of life and causing widespread suffering. Infection caused by ...

Development of machine learning prediction models for systemic inflammatory response following controlled exposure to a live attenuated influenza vaccine in healthy adults using multimodal wearable biosensors in Canada: a single-centre, prospective controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Presymptomatic or asymptomatic immune system signals and subclinical physiological changes might provide a more objective measure of early...

[Applications, challenges and a trustworthy use of artificial intelligence in public health].

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) over recent years have resulted in its integration into people's everyday lives. The wide avail...

Health consumers' use and perceptions of health information from generative artificial intelligence chatbots: A scoping review.

Background Health consumers can use generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) chatbots to seek health information. As GenAI chatbots continue to impr...

Comparative study of five-year cervical cancer cause-specific survival prediction models based on SEER data.

Cervical cancer (CC) is a major cause of mortality in women, with stagnant survival rates, highlighting the need for improved prognostic models. This ...

Hip surveillance in children with cerebral palsy in the UK : history, challenges, and future directions.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with musculoskeletal complications in children, notably hip migration, which can progress to hip dislocation and joi...

Enhancing ultrasonographic detection of hepatocellular carcinoma with artificial intelligence: current applications, challenges and future directions.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with early detection playing a crucial role ...

Language models learn to represent antigenic properties of human influenza A(H3) virus.

Given that influenza vaccine effectiveness depends on a good antigenic match between the vaccine and circulating viruses, it is important to assess th...

Identifying real time surveillance indicators to estimate COVID-19 hospital admissions in Colorado during and after the public health emergency.

Questions remain about how best to focus surveillance efforts for COVID-19 and other emerging respiratory diseases. We used an archive of COVID-19 dat...

Moving beyond the noise: geospatial modelling of urban sound environments in a sub-Saharan African city.

Cities encompass a mixture of artificial, human, animal, and nature-based sounds, which through long and short-term exposures, can impact on physical ...

Mapping global risk of bat and rodent borne disease outbreaks to anticipate emerging threats.

Future epidemics and/or pandemics may likely arise from zoonotic viruses with bat- and rodent-borne pathogens being among the prime candidates. To imp...

Risk factors and prediction of distant metastasis (DM) of colon adenocarcinoma: a logistic regression and machine learning study based on surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database.

Transforming heart transplantation care with multi-omics insights.

Heart transplantation (HTx) remains the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage heart disease. Despite the number of HTx performed annually i...

Taking the Guess Work Out of Endoscopic Polyp Measurement: From Traditional Methods to AI.

Colonoscopy is a crucial tool for evaluating lower gastrointestinal disease, monitoring high-risk patients for colorectal neoplasia, and screening for...

HEalth Record Optimization for Identifying Candidates for HIV PRe-Exposure Prophylaxis: A Community-Informed Approach to Model Development.

Electronic health record (EHR)-based models to identify individuals who may benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outperform traditional risk s...

Computer-vision research powers surveillance technology.

An increasing number of scholars, policymakers and grassroots communities argue that artificial intelligence (AI) research-and computer-vision researc...

Surveillance and Surgical Salvage Treatment for Endoscopically Removed T1 Colorectal Cancers.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en-bloc resection of large lesions more than 20 mm in size. Therefore, the use of ESD has gained broade...