Public Health

Advances in the management of pediatric low-grade glioma.

Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), the most common CNS tumors in children, are increasingly recognized as chronic diseases with prolonged courses and cumulative morbidity. Long-term survival is excellent. Management depends on tumor location and often requires repeated therapy, with risk of long-term functional and neurocognitive impairment. This review synthesizes recent advances in pLGG manage...

Impact of meteorological factors on other infectious diarrhea in mainland China: comprehensive risk assessment, forecasting and early warning.

Other infectious diarrhea (OID) is a major public health burden in China and a typical weather-sensitive disease, yet nationwide evidence that links comprehensive risk assessment with forecasting and early warning remains limited. Using surveillance and meteorological data from 316 mainland Chinese cities (2014-2019), we developed an IPCC-based hazard-exposure-vulnerability framework to assess met...

Forecasting monthly hepatitis B cases in China: a nationwide comparative study based on surveillance data.

BACKGROUND: Robust forecasting of hepatitis B trends is important for long-term surveillance and public health planning in China. However, evidence re...

Real-Time and Non-Invasive Detection of Respiratory Viral Infections Using an Intelligent Odor Monitoring System (IOMS).

Real-time monitoring of infection-associated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) offers a non-invasive pathway for early respiratory infection detection...

Artificial intelligence in pediatric endoscopy for hereditary polyposis syndromes: promises and challenges.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Children with hereditary polyposis syndromes require long-term endoscopic surveillance to reduce risks of gastrointestinal complica...

Comparative 10-year performance of mammography artificial intelligence, polygenic, and clinical breast cancer risk models in the Kaiser Permanente Research Bank.

BACKGROUND: We compared performance across 3 breast cancer risk domains-clinical, polygenic, and mammography artificial intelligence-alone and in comb...

Dual-Recognition AIEgens-Lysozyme Assemblies for Interpretable Machine Learning-Enabled Sensor Arrays: Toward Rapid and Transparent Surveillance of Microbial Threats.

Array-based sensing technology holds immense potential for the rapid identification of pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, developing a universal strat...

In silico models in oncology, neurology, and epidemiology: systems-level and multiscale perspectives.

Computational medicine uses mathematical modelling, high-performance computing, and the availability of large-scale biomedical data to study multiscal...

Linking mixtures of air pollution exposures and preterm birth with a self-organizing map.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and heat has previously been associated with preterm birt...

A realistic and sustainable clinical laboratory waste management: challenges and opportunities in resource - limited settings.

INTRODUCTION: Laboratory medicine remains the cornerstone of disease detection, clinical management, monitoring, and public health surveillance. Incre...

Temporal patterns of haemoglobin phenotypes among Nigerian university students based on ten years of surveillance data.

Haemoglobinopathies remain among the most common monogenic disorders worldwide, with sickle cell disease (SCD) and various forms of thalassemia posing...

Effectiveness of screening protocols to reduce MRSA colonization in a pediatric hospital.

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major nosocomial pathogen that can be carried asymptomatically or cause invasive i...

Beyond Validation: Operationalising Post-Deployment Surveillance of AI Medical Devices in Clinical Practice.

Artificial intelligence medical devices are increasingly deployed in clinical practice, yet practical approaches to post-deployment monitoring remain ...

Public antibody clonotypes and deep learning identify SARS-CoV-2 and HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in immune repertoires.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are essential for the development of vaccines and therapeutics against rapidly evolving pathogens like HIV and...

Engineered HSP90-MP65 Bivalent Fusion Antigen: A Novel Vaccine Candidate Against Invasive Candidiasis.

Invasive candidiasis represents a critical global health challenge, causing approximately 6.5 million bloodstream infections annually with mortality r...

The Open Syndrome Definition as a Machine-Readable Standard for Public Health: Design and Implementation Study.

BACKGROUND: Case definitions are essential for effectively communicating public health threats. However, the absence of a standardized, machine-readab...

A Hybrid AI-Mathematical approach for epidemic threshold prediction in metapopulation networks: Integrating physics-guided neural networks with spectral graph theory.

Predicting the epidemic threshold [Formula: see text] in contact networks is a central challenge in computational epidemiology. Classical structural a...

Identification of depression types and key influencing factors among rural elderly in China: a comprehensive analysis based on machine learning and network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Depression poses a severe public health challenge for older adults, especially in rural China. In rural settings, the heavy burden of chro...

Identification of host gene transcripts by machine learning and their application to predict outcome in Ebola virus disease.

BACKGROUND: In humans, Ebola virus disease (EVD) has a high mortality rate. While viral load is a known prognostic factor, it is not effective in pred...

CellVision: A Deep Learning based Image Analysis Platform to Accelerate Immuno-Plaque Assay Data Processing for Dengue Vaccine Development.

Accurately detecting patterns of interest across a large number of images presents a significant challenge in data analysis for high-throughput analyt...