Pulmonology

A rapid accurate approach to inferring pedigrees in endogamous populations.

Accurate reconstruction of pedigrees from genetic data remains a challenging problem. Many relationship categories (e.g. half-sibships versus avuncular) can be difficult to distinguish without external information. Pedigree inference algorithms are often trained on European-descent families in urban locations. Thus, existing methods tend to perform poorly in endogamous populations for which there ...

Diagnostic value of fully automated CT pulmonary angiography in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic disease.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of employing artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and chronic thromboembolic disease (CTED).

Segmentation of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas: Introducing DRU-Net and Multi-Lens Distortion.

The increased workload in pathology laboratories today means automated tools such as artificial intelligence models can be useful, helping pathologist...

Exploring the Role of Peritumoral Edema in Predicting Lung Cancer Subtypes Through T2-FLAIR Digital Subtraction Imaging of Metastatic Brain Tumors.

: This study aimed to investigate whether small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be distinguished based on radiomics...

Oxygen Uptake Prediction for Timely Construction Worker Fatigue Monitoring Through Wearable Sensing Data Fusion.

The physical workload evaluation of construction activities will help to prevent excess physical fatigue or overexertion. The workload determination i...

Sub-phenotypes of pneumonia defined by pulmonary histopathological features.

Establishing sub-phenotypes of pneumonia based on distinct host processes will be a step towards using host-directed therapies (to complement microbe-...

Real-time respiratory motion forecasting with online learning of recurrent neural networks for accurate targeting in externally guided radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In lung radiotherapy, infrared cameras can track reflective objects on the chest to estimate tumor motion due to breathing. ...

Role of VATS-US in identifying and characterizing pulmonary nodules: a narrative review.

The aim of this study was to show the efficacy described in the scientific literature of lung ultrasound (LU) during video-assisted thoracic surgery (...

Risk prediction of stroke-associated pneumonia in acute ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation using machine learning models.

Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a serious complication of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), significantly affecting patient prognosis and increasing h...

Predicting alveolar nerve injury and the difficulty level of extraction impacted third molars: a systematic review of deep learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: Third molar extraction, a common dental procedure, often involves complications, such as alveolar nerve injury. Accurate preoperative asse...

Classification of non-small cell lung cancer by histologic subtype using deep learning in public and private data sets of computed tomography images.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a deep learning system to classify non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by histologic subtype-adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carc...

Non-invasive CT based multiregional radiomics for predicting pathologic complete response to preoperative neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: This study aims to develop and validate a multiregional radiomics model to predict pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoi...

Rational Dual-Atom Design to Boost Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Iron-Based Electrocatalysts.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical for energy conversion technologies like fuel cells and metal-air batteries. However, advancing efficie...

Diagnosis of early idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current status and future perspective.

The standard approach to diagnosing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) includes identifying the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern via high r...

Prediction pathway for severe asthma exacerbations: a Bayesian Network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Accurate risk prediction of exacerbations is pivotal in severe asthma management. Multiple risk factors are at play, but the pathway of ri...

Fidaxomicin Reduces Collagen Expression in Intestinal Fibroblasts Via Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta and Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta Inhibition.

INTRODUCTION: About 30%-50% of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) eventually develop intestinal strictures, with intestinal fibrosis being a major com...

Investigation of the Significance of Blood Signatures on Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Sepsis Within 24 Hours.

Sepsis is an infection-induced dysregulated cellular response that leads to multiorgan dysfunction. As a time-sensitive condition, sepsis requires pr...

Analyzing canopy structure effects based on LiDAR for GPP-SIF relationship and GPP estimation.

The coupling between Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) is crucial for understanding terrestrial carbon...

Development and validation of a nomogram for differentiating immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis from pneumonia in patients undergoing immunochemotherapy: a multicenter, real-world, retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis (CIP) exhibits high morbidity and mortality rates in the real world, often coexisting with...

Bibliometric and visual analysis of retinal fibrosis research from 1993 to 2023.

BACKGROUND: Retinal fibrosis, a common pathological feature of various retinal diseases, significantly impairs vision. The mechanisms of retinal fibro...