Pulmonology

Unique and shared transcriptomic signatures underlying localized scleroderma pathogenesis identified using interpretable machine learning.

Using transcriptomic profiling at single-cell resolution, we investigated cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic signatures associated with pathogenesis and inflammation-driven fibrosis in both adult and pediatric patients with localized scleroderma (LS). We performed single-cell RNA-Seq on adult and pediatric patients with LS and healthy controls. We then analyzed the single-cell RNA-Seq data using an...

Risk prediction for acute kidney disease and adverse outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an interpretable machine learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about acute kidney injury (AKI) and acute kidney disease (AKD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD mortality based on the acute/subacute renal injury. This study develops machine learning models to predict AKI, AKD, and mortality in COPD patients, utilizing web applications for clinical decisions.

Subtractive genomics approach: A guide to unveiling therapeutic targets across pathogens.

Subtractive genomics is an adaptable bioinformatics technique that is used to identify potential therapeutic targets by differentiating essential gene...

Is artificial intelligence superior to traditional regression methods in predicting prognosis of adult traumatic brain injury?

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant global health issue with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent studies have shown that machine lear...

Virtual lung screening trial (VLST): An in silico study inspired by the national lung screening trial for lung cancer detection.

Clinical imaging trials play a crucial role in advancing medical innovation but are often costly, inefficient, and ethically constrained. Virtual Imag...

Safety assessment of the ethanolic extract of Siparuna guianensis: Cell viability, molecular risk predictions and toxicity risk for acute and sub-chronic oral ingestion.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The species Siparuna guianensis Aublet (family Siparunaceae) is traditionally used by indigenous peoples and riverine ...

External validation and application of risk prediction model for ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation: A prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Early identification and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with mechanical ventilation (MV) through reliable...

Monitoring effort and respiratory drive in patients with acute respiratory failure.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Accurate monitoring of respiratory drive and inspiratory effort is crucial for optimizing ventilatory support during acute respirat...

MIST: An interpretable and flexible deep learning framework for single-T cell transcriptome and receptor analysis.

Joint analysis of transcriptomic and T cell receptor (TCR) features at single-cell resolution provides a powerful approach for in-depth T cell immune ...

Feature Separation in Diffuse Lung Disease Image Classification by Using Evolutionary Algorithm-Based NAS.

In the field of diagnosing lung diseases, the application of neural networks (NNs) in image classification exhibits significant potential. However, NN...

Identification of Crohn's Disease-Related Biomarkers and Pan-Cancer Analysis Based on Machine Learning.

: In recent years, the incidence of Crohn's disease (CD) has shown a significant global increase, with numerous studies demonstrating its correlation ...

A Novel Theranostic Strategy for Malignant Pulmonary Nodules by Targeted CECAM6 with Zr/I-Labeled Tinurilimab.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) constitutes a major cause of cancer-related fatalities worldwide. Early identification of malignant pulmonary nodules const...

An extension to the OVH concept for knowledge-based dose volume histogram prediction in lung tumor volumetric-modulated arc therapy.

PURPOSE: Volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment planning allows a compromise between a sufficient coverage of the planning target volume (P...

Root of Prunus persica (taoshugen) ameliorated renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β signaling via upregulating Pmepa1 in mice with unilateral ureter obstruction.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Various parts of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (peach) exhibit medicinal properties and are utilized in traditional Chine...

Artificial Intelligence for the Detection of Patient-Ventilator Asynchrony.

Patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) is a challenge to invasive mechanical ventilation characterized by misalignment of ventilatory support and patient...

5-Repurposed Drug Candidates Identified in Motor Neurons and Muscle Tissues with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis by Network Biology and Machine Learning Based on Gene Expression.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to motor neuron degeneration, muscle weakness, and respirat...

Integrating a host transcriptomic biomarker with a large language model for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection.

BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide and can be difficult to diagnose in critically ill p...

Performance of Computer-Aided Detection Software in Tuberculosis Case Finding in Township Health Centers in China.

BACKGROUND: Computer-aided detection (CAD) software has been introduced to automatically interpret digital chest X-rays. This study aimed to evaluate ...

Therapeutic potential of allosteric HECT E3 ligase inhibition.

Targeting ubiquitin E3 ligases is therapeutically attractive; however, the absence of an active-site pocket impedes computational approaches for ident...

Addressing model discrepancy in a clinical model of the oxygen dissociation curve.

Many mathematical models suffer from model discrepancy, posing a significant challenge to their use in clinical decision-making. In this article, we c...