Pulmonology

Validation of a deep learning-based system for sleep staging, arousal detection, and respiratory event scoring in atrial fibrillation patients.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea is a common yet underdiagnosed sleep disorder in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Although polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard, its costs and complexity limit routine use. Home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) is a more accessible alternative, but it lacks electroencephalography (EEG), limiting direct assessment of sleep stages and arousals. This study eval...

Construction and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Acute Pulmonary Hemorrhage in Very Low Birthweight Infants.

OBJECTIVE: Very low birthweight infants (VLBWIs) are at high risk of pulmonary hemorrhage, yet practical and effective early prediction tools remain limited. The study aimed to develop an early predictive model for pulmonary hemorrhage in VLBWIs to support risk management. METHODS: VLBWIs admitted to Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were included in the development cohort (January...

MRI-based oxygen extraction fraction mapping using qBOLD, QSM, and hybrid QSM-qBOLD methods: Methodological advances, validation, and clinical applications.

Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a physiological parameter reflecting the fraction of delivered arterial oxygen extracted by cerebral tissue, provi...

Integrating network toxicology, machine learning, and single-cell sequencing systems to analyze autophagy core genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

The heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma lead to poor prognosis. Autophagy, as a key cellular process, interacts wi...

DAFNet: A multi-modal deep learning model based on whole-lung CT for the automated prediction of the air space spread of lung adenocarcinoma.

Spread through air spaces (STAS) is a characteristic invasive pattern of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), which is associated with a high recurrence rate a...

Machine learning-assisted quorum sensing molecules regulate growth progression and bioactivity of an oxygenic photobiofilm for non-aeration greywater purification.

Microalgal-bacteria consortium provide self-aeration through photosynthetic oxygen production, offering an energy-efficient strategy for wastewater tr...

Chest CT in the evaluation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: recommendations of Asian Society of Thoracic Radiology.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a significant public health challenge globally, with Asia facing unique burdens due to varying demogra...

Subphenotypes of pneumonia defined by pulmonary histopathological features.

RATIONALE: Establishing subphenotypes of pneumonia based on host biology will be a step toward using host-directed therapies (to complement microbe-di...

A Data-Driven Medication Regimen Complexity Score for Critically Ill Patients: MRC-ICU 2.0.

BACKGROUND: The 2019 medication regimen complexity-intensive care unit (MRC-ICU) score is associated with patient outcomes, ICU complications, and cri...

Multiancestry and Multitrait GWAS Meta-Analysis on Schizophrenia With a Sample of 322,321 Unveils Genetic Links to Chronic Lung Diseases.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder, yet its genetic links with chronic pulmonary diseases remain poorly defined. Such link...

Machine Learning Predicts Treatment Response and Prognostic Pathways From Whole-Blood Transcriptome in Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Prognostic biomarkers that link disease progression and/or responses to therapeutic interventions in patients with primary biliar...

A projection-domain deep learning approach for respiratory motion correction of myocardial perfusion imaging using a multi-pinhole solid-state SPECT.

BACKGROUND: Myocardial perfusion imagining (MPI) is a nuclear medicine technique used in the assessment of coronary artery disease. Differences in the...

Predictive Modeling of the Need for Tracheostomy after Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Using Machine Learning.

PURPOSE: Traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (TCSCI) frequently necessitates mechanical ventilation, and early tracheostomy has been shown to reduce...

Machine Learning-Based Risk Stratification Model to Guide Cardiopulmonary Exercise Training in Cardiovascular Patients.

PURPOSE: In cardiovascular patients, precise risk stratification is crucial for minimizing exercise-related risks and optimizing treatment efficacy du...

Estimation of pulmonary function from time-resolved dynamic chest radiography using machine learning in patients with respiratory disease.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs), particularly spirometry, are the reference standard for assessing airflow limitation in respiratory disea...

The Electrocardiogram and Pulmonary Hypertension: When Occam'S Razor Fails.

Local Recurrence Prediction After Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using Machine Learning.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Predicting local recurrence remains challenging in carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this stud...

Harnessing Exhaled Breath for Lung Cancer Early Detection-Results From the ExPeL Study.

Scalable, non-invasive tools are critically needed to improve early lung cancer detection and optimize primary care referral pathways. We evaluated In...

Multiomics Profiling Identifies Blood-Based Diagnostic Markers for Sepsis.

Sepsis, characterized by a rapid transition to systemic immune dysregulation and multiorgan failure, poses a formidable clinical challenge. The lack o...

Bridging the Gap: Translated Medical Education to Support Cystic Fibrosis Centers From Non-English Speaking Countries.

BACKGROUND: The European Cystic Fibrosis Society (ECFS) develops education resources to support members; however, these are almost exclusively in Engl...