Pulmonology

Leptin levels in childhood tuberculosis and its correlation with body mass index, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in an Indonesian population.

BACKGROUND: Leptin plays a key role in the regulation of energy and inflammation in tuberculosis (TB). However, its correlation in children with TB remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the correlations between body mass index, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and leptin levels in children with TB.

Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: Development of a machine learning model using 12-lead electrocardiogram.

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition, in which diagnostic uncertainty remains high given the lack of specificity in clinical presentation. It requires confirmation by computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Electrocardiography (ECG) signals can be detected by artificial intelligence (AI) with precision. The purpose of this study was to develop an AI model...

Impact on the ability of healthcare professionals to correctly identify patient-ventilator asynchronies of the simultaneous visualization of estimated muscle pressure curves on the ventilator display: a randomized study (P study).

BACKGROUND: Patient-ventilator asynchronies are usually detected by visual inspection of ventilator waveforms but with low sensitivity, even when perf...

Effect of Deep Learning Reconstruction on Respiratory-triggered T2-weighted MR Imaging of the Liver: A Comparison between the Single-shot Fast Spin-echo and Fast Spin-echo Sequences.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of deep learning reconstruction (DLR) on respiratory-triggered T2-weighted MRI of the liver between single-shot fast s...

Enhancing Multi-disease Diagnosis of Chest X-rays with Advanced Deep-learning Networks in Real-world Data.

The current artificial intelligence (AI) models are still insufficient in multi-disease diagnosis for real-world data, which always present a long-tai...

Effects of robot-assisted gait training on cardiopulmonary function and lower extremity strength in individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT: Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) has been increasingly adopted in many rehabilitation facilities for walking function and activity in indi...

Utilization of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Accurate Chest X-Ray Diagnosis and Disease Detection.

Chest radiography is a widely used diagnostic imaging procedure in medical practice, which involves prompt reporting of future imaging tests and diagn...

Deep learning-based fast volumetric imaging using kV and MV projection images for lung cancer radiotherapy: A feasibility study.

PURPOSE: The long acquisition time of CBCT discourages repeat verification imaging, therefore increasing treatment uncertainty. In this study, we pres...

Convolutional neural network-based automated maxillary alveolar bone segmentation on cone-beam computed tomography images.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and assess the performance of a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-driven convolutional neural network (CNN)-based tool for aut...

Memory efficient model based deep learning reconstructions for high spatial resolution 3D non-cartesian acquisitions.

. Model based deep learning (MBDL) has been challenging to apply to the reconstruction of 3D non-Cartesian MRI due to GPU memory demand because the en...

The value of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor disease with high clinical disability and death rates. Currently, lung cancer diagnosis mainly relies on manua...

Artificial intelligence based virtual screening study for competitive and allosteric inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious and dangerous coronavirus that first appeared in late 2019 causing COVID-19, a pandemic of acute respiratory illness...

Short: Prediction of fetal blood oxygen content in response to partial occlusion of maternal aorta.

Acute hemorrhage in pregnancy may lead to maternal and/or fetal morbidity or mortality. In emergency medicine, blockage of the aorta via an inflatable...

Deep Learning-Based Computer-Aided Detection System for Preoperative Chest Radiographs to Predict Postoperative Pneumonia.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The role of preoperative chest radiography (CR) for prediction of postoperative pneumonia remains uncertain. We aimed to dev...

Robot-assisted thoracic surgery for stages IIB-IVA non-small cell lung cancer: retrospective study of feasibility and outcome.

Robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) for higher stages non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study reports the feasibili...

Prognostic value of deep learning-based fibrosis quantification on chest CT in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of deep learning (DL)-driven CT fibrosis quantification in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

AI co-pilot: content-based image retrieval for the reading of rare diseases in chest CT.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the newly developed Similar patient search (SPS) Web Service, which supports reading complex lung d...

Technical Advancements in Abdominal Diffusion-weighted Imaging.

Since its first observation in the 18th century, the diffusion phenomenon has been actively studied by many researchers. Diffusion-weighted imaging (D...

[Robotic esophageal surgery].

Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) is increasingly becoming established as a standard procedure in surgical centers for esophagec...

Evaluation of the Morphological and Biological Functions of Vascularized Microphysiological Systems with Supervised Machine Learning.

Vascularized microphysiological systems and organoids are contemporary preclinical experimental platforms representing human tissue or organ function ...