Pulmonology

Anisotropic Amorphization of Black Titania.

The amorphous-shell/crystalline-core architecture of black titania is central to its exceptional visible-light absorption and catalytic properties, yet the underlying physical principles governing the surface amorphization remain a "black box", being particularly intriguing with the rippled contrast at the interface from recent TEM. Here, by using machine-learning amorphous structural search and l...

AI in Lung Nodules on Chest CT: Retrospective, Real-World Assessment of AI in Clinical Practice.

An FDA-cleared artificial intelligence tool demonstrated frequent discordance with radiologist reports for lung nodule assessment on chest CT.

Integrated multi-endpoint hazard prioritization of unregulated industrial contaminants: A safety-first screening framework for emerging environmental threats.

The rapid expansion of the industrial chemical space has outpaced regulatory oversight, creating a critical regulatory and environmental blind spot re...

Integrated analysis of human-mouse gut microbiota in RSV infection based on machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, but effective treatment options re...

Artificial intelligence in emergency mechanical ventilation: a prospective observational comparison with emergency physician ventilator settings.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to support clinicians in high-risk and complex decision-making processes, such as mechanica...

Elevated ST2+ Tregs in RA-ILD: correlation with pulmonary fibrosis and the IL-33/ST2/AREG axis.

BACKGROUND: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents a significant extra-articular complication associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), contribut...

Preoperative low-attenuation area on computed tomography is associated with recurrence after curative resection for non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Recurrence after curative-intent resection remains a major determinant of long-term outcomes in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preope...

Displaced minds: ecologies of depression.

This issue of the Biomedical Journal explores emerging perspectives across neuropsychiatry, metabolism, aging, regenerative medicine, artificial intel...

Nonlinear meteorological controls on coastal air quality along the Indian East Coast: Insights from a multi-city interpretable machine learning framework.

This study investigates the role of meteorological variability in shaping ambient air quality across five coastal cities along the Indian East Coast (...

Precision Management of Autoimmune Ocular Complications: Th17 Mechanisms and Therapeutic Innovations.

Precision management of ocular complications in systemic autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Beh...

RAS pathway activity subtypes identified by machine learning define prognostic and immune microenvironment characteristics in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the predominant histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, remains a leading cause of cancer-related ...

Deep learning and radiomics models in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy.

Quantitative imaging is an emerging field that may allow prediction of oncological outcomes. We investigate whether radiomics and deep learning can pr...

Machine-learning-model based tool for screening bone metastases from lung cancer patients in primary care practice.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to use the machine-learning methods to predict bone metastasis (BM) in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: This study includ...

Machine-learning algorithms identifies sTREM1 has a key biomarker for outcome prediction in critically ill.

INTRODUCTION: Prognostic assessment in critically ill patients traditionally relies on severity scores or single biomarkers, each with limited ability...

Reassessing the Heterogeneous Effects of Greenspace on Air Pollution Conditioned on Seasons, Vegetation Types, and Street Structures.

Urban greenspace is generally assumed to mitigate air pollution. However, clear large-scale real-world evidence remains limited, particularly regardin...

Predicting antifolate resistance in the unculturable fungal pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients. Antifolate drug...

Integrating causality with temporal fusion transformer for interpretable and probabilistic forecasting of riverine dissolved oxygen.

Accurate, interpretable, and uncertainty-aware riverine dissolved oxygen forecasting is essential for aquatic ecosystem management. Challenges include...

Interpretable machine learning model using peripheral blood for non-invasive detection of moderate-to-severe myelofibrosis in JAK2 V617F-positive MPNs: A multicentre pilot proof-of-concept study.

Progression to moderate-to-severe myelofibrosis (MF) in JAK2 V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is often clinically silent, and bone m...

The solute carrier transporter SLCO5A1 as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of myocardial infarction-induced heart failure.

Heart failure (HF) following myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major threat to health worldwide. While transcriptomics has revealed numerous genes ...

The evolution of scientific knowledge in childhood asthma over time.

Paediatric asthma management has undergone a significant transformation from rudimentary assessments in the early 20th century to sophisticated diagno...