Pulmonology

Pulmonary Artery-Vein Classification in CT Images Using Deep Learning.

Recent studies show that pulmonary vascular diseases may specifically affect arteries or veins through different physiologic mechanisms. To detect changes in the two vascular trees, physicians manually analyze the chest computed tomography (CT) image of the patients in search of abnormalities. This process is time consuming, difficult to standardize, and thus not feasible for large clinical studie...

Lung sounds classification using convolutional neural networks.

Lung sounds convey relevant information related to pulmonary disorders, and to evaluate patients with pulmonary conditions, the physician or the doctor uses the traditional auscultation technique. However, this technique suffers from limitations. For example, if the physician is not well trained, this may lead to a wrong diagnosis. Moreover, lung sounds are non-stationary, complicating the tasks o...

Pulmonary Nodule Recognition Based on Multiple Kernel Learning Support Vector Machine-PSO.

Pulmonary nodule recognition is the core module of lung CAD. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm has been widely used in pulmonary nodule recog...

Building predictive in vitro pulmonary toxicity assays using high-throughput imaging and artificial intelligence.

Human lungs are susceptible to the toxicity induced by soluble xenobiotics. However, the direct cellular effects of many pulmonotoxic chemicals are no...

Antifibrotic effects of gallic acid on hepatic stellate cells: mechanistic study.

Few studies reported the antifibrotic effects of gallic acid (GA) despite its known hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Accordingly, this stu...

Replicating human expertise of mechanical ventilation waveform analysis in detecting patient-ventilator cycling asynchrony using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: - Acute respiratory failure is one of the most common problems encountered in intensive care units (ICU) and mechanical ventilation is the...

Computer-aided diagnosis of lung nodule using gradient tree boosting and Bayesian optimization.

We aimed to evaluate a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system for lung nodule classification focussing on (i) usefulness of the conventional CADx syst...

Creating Clinical Fuzzy Automata with Fuzzy Arden Syntax.

Formal constructs for fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic are incorporated into Arden Syntax version 2.9 (Fuzzy Arden Syntax). With fuzzy sets, the relationshi...

Using artificial intelligence to predict prolonged mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy placement.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of critically ill patients who will require prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) has proven to be difficult. The pu...

Evaluation of Machine-Learning Approaches to Estimate Sleep Apnea Severity From At-Home Oximetry Recordings.

Complexity, costs, and waiting list issues demand a simplified alternative for sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) diagnosis. The blood oxygen satura...

Functional-guided radiotherapy using knowledge-based planning.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There are two significant challenges when implementing functional-guided radiotherapy using 4DCT-ventilation imaging: (1) lack...

Effective Pneumothorax Detection for Chest X-Ray Images Using Local Binary Pattern and Support Vector Machine.

Automatic image segmentation and feature analysis can assist doctors in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases more accurately. Automatic medical ima...

Novel computer algorithm for cough monitoring based on octonions.

The objective assessment of cough frequency is essential for evaluation of cough and antitussive therapies. Nonetheless, available algorithms for auto...

Semantic Segmentation of Pathological Lung Tissue With Dilated Fully Convolutional Networks.

Early and accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is crucial for making treatment decisions, but can be challenging even for experienc...

A deep 3D residual CNN for false-positive reduction in pulmonary nodule detection.

PURPOSE: The automatic detection of pulmonary nodules using CT scans improves the efficiency of lung cancer diagnosis, and false-positive reduction pl...

A novel feature extraction technique for pulmonary sound analysis based on EMD.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The stethoscope based auscultation technique is a primary diagnostic tool for chest sound analysis. However, the performance...

Prediction of influenza-like illness based on the improved artificial tree algorithm and artificial neural network.

Because influenza is a contagious respiratory illness that seriously threatens public health, accurate real-time prediction of influenza outbreaks may...

Predicting heat stress index in Sasso hens using automatic linear modeling and artificial neural network.

There is an increasing use of robust analytical algorithms in the prediction of heat stress. The present investigation therefore, was carried out to f...

Localized thin-section CT with radiomics feature extraction and machine learning to classify early-detected pulmonary nodules from lung cancer screening.

Lung cancer screening aims to detect small pulmonary nodules and decrease the mortality rate of those affected. However, studies from large-scale clin...

Multichannel lung sound analysis for asthma detection.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Lung sound signals convey valuable information of the lung status. Auscultation is an effective technique to appreciate the ...