Pulmonology

Monitoring of total positive end-expiratory pressure during mechanical ventilation by artificial neural networks.

Ventilation treatment of acute lung injury (ALI) requires the application of positive airway pressure at the end of expiration (PEEP) to avoid lung collapse. However, the total pressure exerted on the alveolar walls (PEEP) is the sum of PEEP and intrinsic PEEP (PEEP), a hidden component. To measure PEEP, ventilation must be discontinued with an end-expiratory hold maneuver (EEHM). We hypothesized ...

The diagnostic value of serum CEA, NSE and MMP-9 for on-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. But no one type of serum biomarker was found to be highly sensitive and specific for detection of lung cancer at present. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate a diagnostic value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and matrix metallo-proteinase (MMP-9) for non-small ce...

Development of two artificial neural network models to support the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a worldwide public health problem. Diagnostic algorithms to identify the best combination of diagnostic tests for...

Bio-inspired, Moisture-Powered Hybrid Carbon Nanotube Yarn Muscles.

Hygromorph artificial muscles are attractive as self-powered actuators driven by moisture from the ambient environment. Previously reported hygromorph...

Lung Pattern Classification for Interstitial Lung Diseases Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

Automated tissue characterization is one of the most crucial components of a computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for interstitial lung diseases (ILD...

A Non-Destructive Method for Distinguishing Reindeer Antler (Rangifer tarandus) from Red Deer Antler (Cervus elaphus) Using X-Ray Micro-Tomography Coupled with SVM Classifiers.

Over the last decade, biomedical 3D-imaging tools have gained widespread use in the analysis of prehistoric bone artefacts. While initial attempts to ...

Use of a Robotic Sampler (PIPER) for Evaluation of Particulate Matter Exposure and Eczema in Preschoolers.

While the association of eczema with asthma is well recognized, little research has focused on the potential role of inhalable exposures and eczema. W...

SNRFCB: sub-network based random forest classifier for predicting chemotherapy benefit on survival for cancer treatment.

Adjuvant chemotherapy (CTX) should be individualized to provide potential survival benefit and avoid potential harm to cancer patients. Our goal was t...

Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty in haemophilic arthropathy.

INTRODUCTION: Execution of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in end-stage haemophilic arthropathy is challenging because of soft tissue fibrosis, flexion ...

Combining Generative and Discriminative Representation Learning for Lung CT Analysis With Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machines.

The choice of features greatly influences the performance of a tissue classification system. Despite this, many systems are built with standard, prede...

Drug repositioning for non-small cell lung cancer by using machine learning algorithms and topological graph theory.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of death globally, and research into NSCLC has been accumulating steadily ...

Wheezing recognition algorithm using recordings of respiratory sounds at the mouth in a pediatric population.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory diseases in children are a common reason for physician visits. A diagnostic difficulty arises when parents hear wheezing that ...

Outcome of Inhaler Withdrawal in Patients Receiving Triple Therapy for COPD.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to document outcomes following withdrawal of a single inhaler (step-down) in chronic obstructive pulmonary d...

Safety and Feasibility of Contrast Injection During Pulmonary Vein Isolation with the nMARQ™ Multi-Electrode Catheter.

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the irrigated multi-electrode ablation system (nMARQ™) remains challenging in complex atrial anatom...

A Case of Influenza Associated Fulminant Myocarditis Successfully Treated with Intravenous Peramivir.

We report the case of a patient with fulminant myocarditis caused by influenza A virus, who presented with acute-onset heart failure and cardiogenic s...

Automatic assessment of average diaphragm motion trajectory from 4DCT images through machine learning.

To automatically estimate average diaphragm motion trajectory (ADMT) based on four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT), facilitating clinical asses...

The Athlete's Brain: Cross-Sectional Evidence for Neural Efficiency during Cycling Exercise.

The "neural efficiency" hypothesis suggests that experts are characterized by a more efficient cortical function in cognitive tests. Although this hyp...

Endemicity of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii Complex in an Intensive Care Unit in Malaysia.

Introduction. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (ACB complex) is a leading opportunistic pathogen in intensive care units (ICUs). Effectiv...

The predictive value of soluble endothelial selectin plasma levels in children with acute lung injury.

UNLABELLED: The study aimed to evaluate the value of soluble endothelial selectin (sE-selectin) plasma level measurement in predicting acute lung inju...

Reductions in pulmonary function detected in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis: An analysis of the Japanese National Research Project on Intractable Diseases database.

BACKGROUND: In lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), predicting lung disease progression is essential for treatment planning. However, no previous Japanese ...