Pulmonology

Noninvasive early detection and grading of pneumoconiosis via plasma proteomics and machine learning: PRSS3 as a potential biomarker.

BACKGROUND: Coal-dust, a persistent airborne pollutant, induces dose-related pulmonary fibrosis; however, plasma biomarkers for pre-clinical toxicity remain lacking. METHODS: We enrolled 158 participants, including 28 healthy controls (HCs), 30 dust-exposed workers (DEWs), and 100 patients with coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) at different stages (n CWP-I=40, n CWP-II=30, n CWP-III=30). Plasma p...

Integrative bioinformatics and machine learning reveal an association of LTF and MMP8 with systemic inflammation and lung injury.

BACKGROUND: Acute lung injury and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), represent life-threatening conditions with high mortality rates. Since the lung is the primary target organ in systemic inflammatory conditions like sepsis, this study aimed to identify key regulatory genes by analyzing systemic inflammation-related transcriptomic data, and to explore their roles in lung...

GRACE-MORE: A Motion-Resolved Golden-Angle Radial CEST MRI Technique for Free-Breathing Abdominal Imaging.

PURPOSE: To develop a motion-resolved acquisition and reconstruction framework for motion-robust and spectrally reliable abdominal CEST imaging under ...

Performance and Utility of the Sybil Deep Learning Model for Lung Cancer Risk Prediction in Asian High- and Low-Risk Populations.

BACKGROUND: Sybil is a deep learning model designed to predict future lung cancer risk based on a single low-dose chest CT (LDCT) scan, facilitating a...

Diagnostic value of cytokine detection in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated by bacterial or viral co-infections.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the diagnostic value of cytokine levels in paediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated by bacte...

Artificial intelligence in small tissue biopsies: diagnostic applications, histochemical integration, and methodological challenges in surgical pathology.

Small tissue biopsies, including renal core biopsies, bone marrow trephines, gastrointestinal endoscopic samples, prostate needle cores, liver biopsie...

Integrating biomarkers and artificial intelligence for precision diagnostics in cattle health and herd management: a review.

Early and accurate diagnosis of major production diseases in cattle, many of which may be subclinical, such as mastitis, ketosis, and bovine respirato...

A Natural Language Processing Framework for Structuring and Visualizing Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria at Scale: Protocol for a Quantitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Eligibility criteria are essential to clinical trial design, guiding recruitment, and ensuring patient safety and scientific rigor. Howeve...

Deep learning-based CT radiomics for ALK rearrangement status prediction in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Current clinical guidelines mandate routine evaluation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement in lung adenocarcinoma prior to A...

Stacking-Dependent Interfacial Water Dynamics Govern the Aqueous Degradation of Layered LiCoO2 Cathodes.

Despite their high energy density, layered cathode materials suffer from instability in aqueous lithium-ion batteries. LiCoO2, as a prototypical layer...

An intelligent lung nodule classification model using 3D Trans-DenseUnet++-based lung nodule segmentation.

Lung nodule detectionis necessary for lung cancer treatment, which is crucial for treating the patients. However, the current dataset comprises only a...

CT-based interpretable delta-radiomics model for risk stratification of pulmonary ground-glass nodules: a multicentre study.

OBJECTIVES: To develop and externally validate an interpretable fusion model combining multi-time-point CT radiomics with clinical-semantic features t...

Wireless, skin-interfaced multimodal sensing system for continuous psychophysiological monitoring-A wearable polygraph device.

Accurate, continuous monitoring of psychophysiological states is central to understanding stress and autonomic dysfunction across diverse medical cont...

Convolutional neural network analysis of cervical CT images: classification of Kikuchi disease, lymphoma, lymphadenitis, and tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Kikuchi disease, lymphoma, lymphadenitis, and tuberculosis are common diseases affecting the head and neck. The causes and treatment metho...

Predicting mortality risk in pediatric severe pneumonia using a CNN-BiLSTM model with dynamic clinical indicators.

BACKGROUND: Severe pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in children under 5 years old, and there is currently a lack of reliable biomarkers for e...

In-depth serum proteomics atlas of COVID-19 defines a Severity-Resistance Index from a four-protein panel for disease severity and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 exhibits seasonal epidemics with high risk of mortality in vulnerable population. Identifying accurate parameters for predicting ...

Clinical Implementation of AI for Pulmonary Embolism Detection in over 30,000 CT Pulmonary Angiography Examinations.

Purpose To quantify postimplementation concordance between a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-cleared artificial intelligence (AI) tool and AI-inform...

Automated quantification of interstitial lung abnormalities and emphysema on computed tomography: a predictive marker for postoperative pulmonary complications after esophagectomy.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), including pneumonia, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, are common ...

Comparative analysis of traditional and deep learning time series architectures for influenza A infectious disease forecasting.

Influenza A remains a major cause of respiratory mortality worldwide, motivating accurate forecasting to support timely preparedness and resource allo...

Developing and validating an electronic health record-embedded AI model for managing multimorbid hospitalisation risk in patients with chronic RESpiratory disease (AiRES): a study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are heterogeneous conditions with a ...