Pulmonology

Personalized evaluation of NT-proBNP and clinical characteristics in suspected heart failure: the PRECISE-HF study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is recommended to guide echocardiography referral in community-based patients with suspected heart failure (HF), but diagnostic performance is influenced by individual characteristics including age, ethnicity, kidney function, cardiac rhythm, and body mass index (BMI). An individualised probabilistic approach may have super...

Robot-assisted biopsy a bibliometric analysis of global trends, hotspots, and emerging frontiers (2000-2025).

Robot-assisted biopsy techniques achieve precise minimally invasive sampling of deep-seated and anatomically complex lesions through stable robotic manipulation, intelligent path planning, and multimodal imaging fusion. These techniques have accumulated substantial evidence in urology, neurosurgery, and thoracic intervention. However, the field spans multiple organs and technical directions, and l...

Deep Learning-Based Classification for Grading of Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Neonatal Chest Radiographs.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a deep learning-based multi-class classification model for automated grading of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)...

Lactylation-related immune-metabolic dysregulation defines prognostic and therapeutic stratification in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lactylation links lactate metabolism with inflammatory signaling and immune regulation in tumors. However, its cellular distribution and t...

Eliminating Registration Bias in Synthetic CT Generation using a physics-based simulation framework for pelvic anatomy.

Supervised synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation from cone-beam CT (CBCT) requires spatially registered training pairs, yet perfect registrat...

Differential Diagnosis of Asthma and COPD: Established and Emerging Biomarkers and Technologies.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represent the two most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions worldwide, affecting hundreds ...

Daily 1 km satellite-based PM2.5 exposure estimates in Bangladesh, 2020-2025: spatiotemporal patterns and implications for environmental health.

Bangladesh experiences some of the highest ambient PM2.5 concentrations globally and remains one of the most monitoring-sparse high-burden regions. To...

Integration of closed-loop fully-automated AI model with clinician assessment for lung nodule stratification: A multi-reader study.

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT)-based artificial intelligence (AI) risk models improve malignancy prediction, but their incremental value when in...

PCMamba: Integrating partial convolution and state space models for lung cancer histopathological image classification.

Accurate classification of lung cancer histopathological images is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning, yet existing approaches face challe...

Comment on "Artificial intelligence construction: a review of the bridge between CT imaging features of lung ground-glass nodules adenocarcinoma and carcinogenic driver genes".

Xue and Chen et al.'s review connects AI-derived CT features of lung ground-glass nodule adenocarcinoma to driver gene status. Three aspects are missi...

Comparison of Machine Learning-Based Reporting with Surgeon Reporting of Postoperative Complication in Cardiothoracic Morbidity and Mortality Conferences.

BACKGROUND: Traditional morbidity and mortality (M&M) conferences incompletely capture postoperative complications, potentially limiting quality impro...

Data Ecosystems for Machine-Learning Assisted Materials Design: Insights From OXD-Like Nanozyme and ORR Catalysts.

Oxidase-like (OXD-like) nanozymes are vital biomimetic catalysts that regulate oxygen activation and reactive oxygen species generation, whereas oxyge...

Targeting Airway Remodeling in Severe Asthma: Is There a Window of Opportunity for Biologic Therapy Predicting Effects Using Causal Artificial Intelligence?

Airway remodeling is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of asthma progression, fixed airflow limitation, and long-term morbidity, particul...

Completely free-breathing cardiac MRI using deep learning reconstruction reduces sedation and scan time in children.

BACKGROUND: Traditional cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging scan times are long and require breath-holds, often necessitating intubation and mech...

An artificial intelligence and numerical simulation-based strategy for multi-objective optimization of hemodynamics in curved vessels.

Understanding and optimizing blood flow behavior in curved vessels is crucial for improving cardiovascular treatment planning and reducing complicatio...

The Mind From Within: Visceral Roots of Human Cognition.

Humans think and act not only with the brain but also with the heart, lungs, gut, and other viscera, such as the bladder, long regarded as primarily v...

Machine learning prediction of human blood optical properties: a comparative study of optimized algorithms with SHAP-based interpretability analysis.

Accurate characterization of the optical properties of blood is essential for biomedical optics, diagnostic imaging, and therapeutic applications. con...

Deep molecular profiling of lung neuroendocrine tumours and supra-carcinoids.

BACKGROUND: Lung neuroendocrine tumours (NETs, also known as carcinoids) are rapidly rising in incidence worldwide but have unknown aetiology and limi...

Improving respiratory and heart rate variation estimation from resting-state BOLD fMRI across the lifespan using a functionally informed, tissue-aware deep learning framework.

Accurate measurement of physiological signals such as respiration and cardiac activity is essential for modeling physiological confounds in BOLD-fMRI ...

Artificial intelligence for healthcare in Nepal: A scoping review of clinical applications, implementation evidence, and health-system governance.

BACKGROUND: Nepal offers a distinctive LMIC setting for evaluating AI-health adoption due to its difficult geography, specialist shortage, high case b...