Pulmonology

Childhood Asthma: Advances Using Machine Learning and Mechanistic Studies.

A paradigm shift brought by the recognition that childhood asthma is an aggregated diagnosis that comprises several different endotypes underpinned by different pathophysiology, coupled with advances in understanding potentially important causal mechanisms, offers a real opportunity for a step change to reduce the burden of the disease on individual children, families, and society. Data-driven met...

Expert knowledge-infused deep learning for automatic lung nodule detection.

BACKGROUND: Computer aided detection (CADe) of pulmonary nodules from computed tomography (CT) is crucial for early diagnosis of lung cancer. Self-learned features obtained by training datasets via deep learning have facilitated CADe of the nodules. However, the complexity of CT lung images renders a challenge of extracting effective features by self-learning only. This condition is exacerbated fo...

Constructing a Risk Prediction Model for Lung Cancer Recurrence by Using Gene Function Clustering and Machine Learning.

OBJECTIVE: A significant proportion of patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be cured by surgery. The distant metastasis of tumor...

Computational Approaches as Rational Decision Support Systems for Discovering Next-Generation Antitubercular Agents: Mini-Review.

Tuberculosis, malaria, dengue, chikungunya, leishmaniasis etc. are a large group of neglected tropical diseases that prevail in tropical and subtropic...

Precision immunoprofiling to reveal diagnostic signatures for latent tuberculosis infection and reactivation risk stratification.

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is estimated in nearly one quarter of the world's population, and of those immunocompetent and infected ~10% will...

Recognition of Lung Adenocarcinoma-specific Gene Pairs Based on Genetic Algorithm and Establishment of a Deep Learning Prediction Model.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: Lung cancer is a disease with a dismal prognosis and is the major cause of cancer deaths in many countries. Nonetheless, rapid tech...

Deep CNN models for pulmonary nodule classification: Model modification, model integration, and transfer learning.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning has made spectacular achievements in analysing natural images, but it faces challenges for medical applications partly due t...

Screening key lncRNAs for human lung adenocarcinoma based on machine learning and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for a significant proportion of lung cancer and there have been few diagnostic and therapeutic targets...

Categorization & Recognition of Lung Tumor Using Machine Learning Representations.

BACKGROUND: Lung Cancer is the disease spreading around the world nowadays. Early recognition of lung disease is a difficult task as the cells which c...

Simultaneous Determination of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Rifampin in Human Plasma by High-performance Liquid Chromatography and UV Detection.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of first-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs is a decisive tool, allowing the clinician to successfully treat TB patie...

Hydro-Ethanolic Extract of Ameliorates Total and Differential WBC, Lung Pathology and Oxidative Biomarkers in Asthmatic Rats.

The effects of ( ; PO) on total and differential WBC count, and oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as on l...

Anesthetic efficacy of articaine/epinephrine plus mannitol in comparison with articaine/epinephrine anesthesia for inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

It is difficult to achieve successful pulpal anesthesia in mandibular posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The present study aimed...

High-Mobility Group Box 1 Expression in Mandibular Bone Cells of Experimental Periodontitis.

BACKGROUND: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was suggested to be associated with the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis which characterized by alv...

Comparison of Natural Language Processing and Manual Coding for the Identification of Cross-Sectional Imaging Reports Suspicious for Lung Cancer.

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracy and reliability of a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm with manual coding by radiologists, and the combinat...

[Astragalus polysaccharide combined with cisplatin inhibits growth of recurrent tumor and down-regulats the expression of CD44, CD62P and osteopontin in tumor tissues in mice bearing Lewis lung cancer].

Objective To investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) combined with cisplatin (DDP) on the pathological morphology of recurrent tumo...

Wastewater treatment plant performance analysis using artificial intelligence - an ensemble approach.

In the present study, three different artificial intelligence based non-linear models, i.e. feed forward neural network (FFNN), adaptive neuro fuzzy i...

High serum YKL-40 level is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION: YKL-40 is a glycoprotein that plays role in inflammation and malignant processes. High serum YKL-40 levels are associated with short sur...

Pulmonary functional parameters and blood cotinine level in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

INTRODUCTION: Smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cotinine is reliable marker of tobacco exposure. We aim...

[A Surgical Case of AFP-Producing Gastric Cancer Discovered by Rupture of Liver Metastatic Lesion].

A 57-year-old man visited our hospital with right hypochondralgia. Abdominal contrast CT showed a 10 cm sized mass in S6-7of the liver and abdominal h...

[A Case of Multiple Lung Metastases after Liver Resection for Multiple Hepatocellular Carcinomas with Remarkable Effects of Regorafenib].

The patient was a 63-year-old man with hepatitis C. He discontinued combination therapy containing interferon and ribavirin because of the development...