Pulmonology

Hypotension Prediction Index-Guided Hemodynamic Management on Postoperative Organ Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is a frequent occurrence during noncardiac surgery. Hypotensive episodes can compromise tissue perfusion, and cumulative exposure has been associated with adverse outcomes such as acute kidney injury (AKI), myocardial injury, and increased mortality. The Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) is an artificial intelligence tool designed to predict hypotensive events bef...

Analysis of B-Scan Ultrasonography Using Neural Networks to Predict Risk of Fibrosis in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to rise, underscoring the need for tools to stratify individual risk of disease progression. We evaluated whether logistic regression models augmented by deep learning-based predictions (DLPs) can improve the B-mode ultrasound-based identification of at-risk MASLD, defined as patients with incre...

Evaluation of the impact of glycolysis-related gene signatures on prognosis and therapeutic targeting in lung adenocarcinoma.

Abnormal glycolysis is one of the hallmarks of cancer and plays a significant role in its progression. This study investigates the association between...

Novel machine learning-based approach to identify viral biomarkers of human respiratory emissions from oral and nasal metagenomes.

Humans spend approximately 90% of their lives in built environments, making virus transmission indoors a key determinant of health. Environmental samp...

In-hospital outcomes and cost-effectiveness of transcatheter aortic valve replacement among younger patients: a double/debiased machine learning approach using electronic health records in Germany.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is increasing with population aging. Although surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR...

Development of a machine learning-based survival prediction model for ALS inclusive of the advanced-stage population.

OBJECTIVE: Develop a machine learning-based model for survival prediction in ALS, including advanced-stage patients (≤50% predicted normal vital capac...

An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Tool (FibroX) for Detecting Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Pilot Crossover Trial.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is highly prevalent in adults with type 2 diabetes, and advanced fibrosis is its ...

Explainable machine learning for predicting mechanical ventilation in Alzheimer's patients with pneumonia: a SHAP-guided XGBoost nomogram based on MIMIC-IV.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are particularly vulnerable to pneumonia and subsequent respiratory failure due to neurodegeneration-induced dysphag...

Quantitative Assessment of Third Molar Extraction Difficulty and Nerve Injury Risk Using Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing.

PURPOSE: Tooth pattern and surrounding tissue can affect the complexity of third molar (3M) extraction surgery. This study aimed to develop a new, mor...

[Expert consensus on optimizing the multidisciplinary clinical pathways and management models for pulmonary function testing].

The promotion and application of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in China have achieved preliminary success;however, numerous deficiencies persist in ...

[Annual advances in clinical applications of pulmonary function testing 2025].

This review systematically synthesizes and critically appraises domestic and international advances in pulmonary function tests (PFT) research and cli...

[Annual progress in imaging diagnosis of tuberculosis in 2025].

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health threat and continues to be one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases worldwid...

A machine learning approach to predicting dyspnea with noninvasive biomarkers.

Dyspnea is the subjective sensation of breathing discomfort. This symptom is highly prevalent in patients with chronic and critical illness, and its p...

Multidimensional cortical morphological alterations in COPD using explainable machine learning.

Cognitive dysfunction is a common extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, we applied an XGBoost-SHAP machi...

Accurate diagnosis of non-small cell and small cell lung cancer by using machine learning models trained with physical science features extracted from pathological images.

BACKGROUND: Accurate differentiation between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is crucial for optimising treatment ...

Computed tomography in ARDS, from morphological insights to AI-powered multi-modal analysis: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical clinical condition characterized by acute respiratory failure and high mortality....

Deep-learning-based diagnostic models for transcutaneous oxygen pressure-defined peripheral arterial disease and lower extremity wound healing in patients with diabetic foot.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated peripheral artery disease (PAD) and wound healing in patients with lower extremity wounds using a convolutional...

Tandem bulk oxygen diffusion and surface reactions in reducible metal oxides control redox cycle dynamics.

The interplay between bulk oxygen diffusion and surface reactions in reducible metal oxides is key in heterogeneous catalysts, but direct measurements...

Phase-constrained zero-shot self-supervised learning for BLADE liver MRI reconstruction.

INTRODUCTION: Liver MRI plays a critical role in the diagnosis and monitoring of liver disease; however, image quality is often degraded by respirator...

Bacterial taxa associated with lung cancer cases in Southeast Asians: a pilot case-control study.

PURPOSE: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Disruptions in the resp...