Pulmonology

Respiratory sound analysis for ICU clinical decision support: deep learning-based classification of normal and abnormal sounds using real ICU data.

PAH-former: Transfer learning for efficient discovery of pulmonary arterial hypertension-associated genes.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease with limited effective therapies, making the discovery of new therapeutic targets crucial. While single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) offers a powerful tool for this purpose, its application is hampered by the scarcity of patient samples. This study addresses the problem of how to efficiently identify novel, function...

Integrated analysis of therapeutic strategies and prognostic factors in advanced lung adenocarcinoma: Retrospective study with emphasis on gene assays, multimodality treatment approaches and predictive machine learning models.

Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma have a range of treatment options, including targeted therapy and gene assay-guided chemotherapy. The aim o...

Identifying patients at risk for short-term adverse events after hip arthroscopy: a machine learning analysis of a national database.

PURPOSE: To develop and compare machine learning-based risk prediction models to identify patients at risk for short-term adverse outcomes (overnight ...

CLWD: a Chinese histopathology dataset for lung adenocarcinoma subtype classification.

Effective diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma depends on accurate typing, subtyping, and grading. Herein, we present the CLWD dataset, a va...

Respiratory sound analysis in a rabbit tracheomalacia model.

A Biologically Lubricating Allicin-Based Nanoplatform for Remodeling the Inflammation-Senescence Axis in the Treatment of Periodontitis.

Periodontitis is driven by a self-reinforcing cycle of persistent inflammation and cellular senescence, further exacerbated by pathogenic microbial co...

Screening of Respiratory Toxicity of Environmental Compounds Based on Multimodal Feature Fusion Model.

The respiratory system constitutes the primary interface between the human body and the external environment, demonstrating particular vulnerability t...

Field Foresight-Predicting the Need for Massive Transfusion, ICU Utilization, and Mechanical Ventilation for Traumatically Injured Patients.

INTRODUCTION: Expeditiously predicting outcomes is essential to allocating blood and intensive care resources. We hypothesize the use of external inju...

Highlights from the Italian National Congress of Imaging in Pulmonology 2025: fostering implementation of advanced technologies for precision patient-centered care.

The Italian National Congress of Imaging in Pulmonology, held in Milan on November 21st, provided a unique educational platform exploring the evolving...

Unsupervised segmentation of dynamic pulmonary MRI using cross-modality adaptation with annotated CT images.

PURPOSE: Accurate segmentation of lung parenchyma in dynamic pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is required for clinical diagnosis and treatme...

AI-Driven Analysis of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests to Identify Gas Exchange and Ventilatory Thresholds.

BACKGROUND: A cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) provides the estimated lactate threshold (θLT) and respiratory compensation point (RCP) through vis...

Diagnosis model of early malignant pulmonary nodules based on clinical laboratory data.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of artificial intelligence-assisted risk stratification of indeterminate pulmonary nodules.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based radiomic approaches have been shown to accurately evaluate indeterminate pulmonary nodules. With the expansi...

An advanced diagnostic framework for discriminating lung cancer tissue subtypes via the synergy of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and random forest.

Accurate subtyping of lung cancer is essential for improving patient prognosis and enabling personalized treatment. However, current clinical techniqu...

CTKGR: temporal knowledge graph enhanced prediction of in-hospital events for pneumonia patients using electronic health records.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop an advanced clinical event prediction model leveraging the temporal characteristics embedded within electronic h...

Impact of Deep Learning-Based Time-of-Flight PET Images of Small Tumors Using a Human Anatomic Phantom.

Time-of-flight (ToF) in PET improves image quality by enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio, and recent deep learning (DL)-based ToF (DL-ToF) methods fu...

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Optimization of Wireless Breath Sensor Arrays for Detection of Lung Cancer Using Fuzzy Logic-Guided Genetic Algorithm and Multimodal Machine Learning.

Early detection of lung cancer remains critical for improving patient survival, yet current imaging-based screening methods are costly, invasive, and ...

Peak Oxygen Uptake Prediction From Resting and Submaximal Variables of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.

BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by peak oxygen uptake during cardiopulmonary exercise testing, is a prognostic indicator. We aim to...

3D region-growing nnU-Net improves pulmonary embolism detection on CTPA: a dual-cohort validation study.

OBJECTIVES: We compared three customized nnU-Net models (A: baseline two-dimensional (2D); B: 2D + region-growing; C: three-dimensional (3D) + region-...