Refractive Surgery

The balance between artificial and human intelligence in clinical practice.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly integrated into clinical care in hand surgery. Its applications extend across diagnosis, planning, intraoperative assistance, postoperative monitoring, rehabilitation, prosthetics and education. APPLICATIONS: In diagnostic imaging, AI improves the detection of distal radius and scaphoid fractures, estimates osteoporosis from hand ...

Flux dynamics and scenario simulation of PFAS under extreme hydrological perturbations in urban tributary flowing into the Yangtze River: A focus on floods.

Floods considerably amplify pollutant transfer into the Yangtze River (YZR) via tributaries. We explored flood-induced changes in PFAS pollution patterns and flux dynamics from urban tributaries into the YZR to assess the threats that floods pose to the water sources of the YZR. Concentrations of PFBA, PFOA, and PFHxA increased considerably during floods, increasing the total PFAS flux to 12,669 g...

Machine learning models in predicting viability after testicular torsion: a proof of concept study.

PURPOSE: Decision-making for orchiectomy following testicular torsion often relies on subjective clinical evaluations. This study investigates the eff...

Machine learning in the development and application of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for surgical patients: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are increasingly integrated into healthcare, offering potential advancements in pat...

Individuation of predictive parameters of posterior cranial fossa decompression in pediatric patients with Chiari I malformation and autism spectrum disorder.

PURPOSE: There are no specific guidelines for posterior cranial fossa decompression (PCFD) in asymptomatic Chiari Malformation Type I (CM-I) patients ...

Initial diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke: recent update and future direction.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) outcomes depend critically on rapid, accurate early diagnosis in the emergency department. Traditional prehospital tools a...

Mechanism-informed machine learning for individualized tacrolimus dose adjustment in the early post-kidney transplant period.

AIM: Tacrolimus dosing in the early post-kidney transplant period is challenging due to a narrow therapeutic index and substantial interindividual pha...

Clinical assessment of a Near-Infrared spectroscopy device for rapid triage in traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) poses a significant public health challenge in India, with nearly 2 million cases annually and limited CT ava...

Superior machine learning model for post-cardiac arrest mortality prediction: a MIMIC-IV cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Post-cardiac arrest syndrome carries substantial mortality despite advances in resuscitation. We developed a machine learning model to pre...

Predicting Cerebral Aneurysm Recurrence after Coil Embolization: A Novel Deep Learning Approach Using Time-of-flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

The recurrence of cerebral aneurysms after coil embolization remains a significant concern in clinical practice. This study introduced a novel approac...

An artificial intelligence-assisted automated quantitative evaluation system for condylar morphological changes of temporomandibular joint.

OBJECTIVES: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted system for the automated quantitative evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cond...

Multiple paths to recovery after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction.

The current biodiversity landscape results from hundreds of millions of years of evolution, yet the accumulation of biodiversity has been punctuated b...

Rapid Point-of-Care Inflammatory Cytokine Monitoring during Normothermic Liver Perfusion via a Multiplexed Paper-Based Vertical Flow Assay.

The advent of normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has substantially enhanced liver transplantation outcomes by enabling physiologic preservation and ...

Axial and choroidal changes as key predictors of myopia control in red-light therapy: Evidence from machine learning models.

BACKGROUND: Repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy has emerged as a promising non-invasive intervention for myopia control. However, the predicti...

Motion-DSD: AI-assisted dynamic frontal facial simulation of digital diagnostic waxing from 2-dimensional intraoral digital smile design.

PURPOSE: This study proposes the development of "Motion-DSD", an artificial intelligence-assisted workflow for digital smile design (DSD), which enabl...

Evaluation of Image-Level Harmonization Methods for Multi-Center MR Neuroimaging.

BACKGROUND: Multi-center imaging studies create large-scale data that are useful for identifying pathological patterns and robust training of deep lea...

Development and validation of interpretable machine learning models for dynamic prediction of prognosis in acute pancreatitis complicated by acute kidney injury: A multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate interpretable machine learning (ML) models to dynamically predict mortality risk among intensive ca...

Smiling difficulties in Alzheimer's disease linked to reduced nucleus accumbens and pallidum brain volume: Deep learning insights.

Patients tend to lose the ability to smile during the course of dementia. However, such impairments have rarely been reported, likely due to challenge...

Machine learning in stroke and its sequelae: a narrative review of clinical applications and emerging trends.

OBJECTIVE: This narrative review synthesizes machine learning (ML) applications across the stroke and post-stroke continuum from acute imaging and dia...

Artificial Intelligence in Colorectal Cancer Supportive Care: A Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to enhance supportive care for cancer survivors from diagnosis through treatment and into surv...