Schizophrenia

Cross-Dataset Evaluation of an Automated Video-Based Model for Detecting Tardive Dyskinesia Using the Clinician's Tardive Inventory: Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a common, often underrecognized movement disorder resulting from long-term antipsychotic use, yet its detection in routine mental health care remains inconsistent despite the availability of structured rating scales. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the performance of an artificial intelligence-powered, video-based model for detecting abnormal movements associ...

Diagnostic accuracy and citation integrity of four large language models on otolaryngology vignettes.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy and citation integrity of four large language models (LLMs) including one general (ChatGPT-4) and three intended for clinical and research use (OpenEvidence, Perplexity, and Pathway), using standardized otolaryngology clinical vignettes. METHODS: One hundred validated otolaryngology clinical vignettes were presented to each LLM with a...

Adaptive drift-aware multi-stage deep learning framework for EEG-based schizophrenia diagnosis.

This study introduces a novel adaptive deep learning framework for EEG-based schizophrenia diagnosis that addresses the limitations of existing static...

Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Low Back Pain: a Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Low back pain (LBP) is common and a major cause of disability globally. Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) such as ChatGPT...

Digital phenotyping for predicting relapse in psychiatric disorders: a systematic review of passive sensing approaches.

BACKGROUND: Digital phenotyping - the moment-by-moment quantification of individual-level human behavior using data from personal digital devices - of...

Cognitive Function Assessment Using a Virtual Reality Serious Game System in Patients With Stable Schizophrenia: Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is a core and enduring deficit in schizophrenia, severely affecting social functioning and quality of life. Tradition...

Clinical and quality of life predictors in patients with schizophrenia with and without substance use disorder.

The comorbidity of schizophrenia (SZ) and substance use disorder (SUD), also known as dual schizophrenia (SZ+), represents a clinical challenge due to...

Global Perspectives on CNS Drug Innovation: Achievements, Barriers, and Priorities for the Next Decade.

BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, neuropsychopharmacology has shifted from stagnation to momentum, with first-in-class mechanisms and biomarker-enable...

Smartphone gaze-tracking for accessible psychiatric assessment.

Eye movements are promising biomarkers for psychiatric and neurological disorders, yet conventional recording methods rely on bulky, expensive, and la...

Revisiting Out-of-Distribution Detection in Real-Time Object Detection: From Benchmark Pitfalls to a New Mitigation Paradigm.

Out-of-distribution (OoD) inputs pose a persistent challenge to deep learning models, often triggering overconfident predictions on non-target objects...

Channel Graph Neural Network Revealing Multimodal Brain Connectivity Abnormalities in Schizophrenia.

Investigating abnormal brain network characteristics in schizophrenia can improve our understanding of disease mechanisms and help identify potential ...

Fingerprints Encode Risk for Bipolarity.

BACKGROUND: Fingerprint patterns are developed during pregnancy and share a common embryogenic origin with the central nervous system. Considering the...

Association-sensory spatiotemporal hierarchy and functional gradient-regularised recurrent neural network with implications for schizophrenia.

The human neocortex is functionally organised at its highest level along a continuous sensory-to-association (AS) hierarchy. This study investigates t...

Psychiatric Risk Associated With Large Language Model Chatbots: An Emerging Concern.

Large language model chatbots such as ChatGPT have been adopted by millions of users, yet their psychiatric implications are poorly understood. Recent...

A multi-target drug design method based on target feature fusion.

BACKGROUND: Targeted drugs are medications designed to treat diseases by targeting specific sites on cancerous or diseased cells. Multi-target drugs c...

Ambient AI Scribes to Create Educational Feedback Notes for Medical Students: A Randomized Trial.

BACKGROUND: High-quality observation and feedback contribute to the development of clinical competence and professional growth in medical education. F...

Open-Source Large Language Models and AI Health Equity: A Health Service Triangle Model Perspective.

This study explores the role of open-source large language models (LLMs) in promoting artificial intelligence (AI) health equity from the perspective ...

Artificial intelligence in emergency medicine: hallucination risks of large language models and mitigation approaches.

Characterizing executive dysfunctions in patients with schizo-obsessive comorbidity: comparing schizophrenia with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND: The term 'schizo-obsessive comorbidity (SOC)' is used to describe the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms or obsessive-compulsive di...

A coarse-to-fine restoration framework integrating deep semantic inpainting and texture-aware refinement for Jinling school landscapes.

Traditional Chinese ink paintings on paper or silk are highly susceptible to degradation. Over time, physical decay such as creases not only damages t...