STDs

Development and validation of a multimodal deep learning model for the radiographic classification of pediatric femoral neck fractures.

BACKGROUND: An alternative classification system for categorizing pediatric femoral neck fractures (PFNFs) has been shown to have significant clinical values in guiding treatment. This system, which is based on the direction of translation and the presence of posteromedial column comminution, is an alternative to the classic Delbet-Colonna system. However, this system relies on the user's clinical...

An interpretable machine learning model for predicting febrile seizures following enterovirus infection in children.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning model for predicting the risk of FS in children with enterovirus (EV) infections and to implement it for clinical application. METHODS: This retrospective study included 446 hospitalized children with EV infection (144 FS, 302 non‑FS). LASSO regression and BORUTA algorithm selected 15 key predictors from 53 clinical variables....

Artificial Intelligence for Cervical HPV Infection and Lesion Screening: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Its Application Potential and Patient Satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the application potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in screening and diagnosing cervical ...

Multi-regional radiomics based on planning CT and information complementarity between GTVp and GTVn: an explainable model for predicting 5-year recurrence risk in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer.

PURPOSE: This study aims to develop and validate a multi-regional radiomics machine learning model integrating the spatial heterogeneity features of b...

Comprehensive Performance Testing and External Validation of an AI Algorithm to Detect and Segment Brain Metastases.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based models have shown initial promise in imaging brain metastasis; however many lack validation against adv...

Virus infections and cancers: from mechanisms to therapeutics.

Viral infections are a major contributor to global cancer incidence and mortality. However, integrative reviews that connect viral classification, car...

Ethical evaluation of reflex and reflective testing in conformity with ISO 15189:2022 at the value-based laboratory medicine era.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the ethical dimensions of reflex and reflective testing (RRT) within the framework of value-bas...

Diagnostic challenges in re-emerging rickettsioses: why current tools fall short.

SUMMARYRickettsial diseases, encompassing scrub typhus, spotted fever group rickettsioses, and typhus group rickettsioses, represent a significant and...

Membrane protein solubilization and structure determination using de novo-designed proteins.

Developing therapies and vaccines against integral membrane proteins is hindered by their extensive hydrophobic surfaces, which complicate production ...

Multi-view constrained semi-supervised vertebra detection for 3D ultrasound spine volume.

BACKGROUND: Scoliosis is a spinal disorder characterized by a three-dimensional (3D) deformity of the vertebral column. 3D ultrasound imaging has been...

The Development Path of Gynecological Cytology after Papanicolaou: from Bethesda to Artificial Intelligence and Personalized Medicine.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer whose incidence was significantly reduced with the help of Pap smear and organized cervic...

An empirical study of defect clustering in deep neural networks and its implications for testing.

DNN decision logic is vulnerable to adversarial attacks, making robustness testing essential for safety-critical intelligent systems. Existing coverag...

Protocol-Based Management of Medication Confounders in Brain Death Determination: A Multi-Institutional Review.

BACKGROUND: Determination of death by neurologic criteria (DNC) relies on clinical examination, provided no confounding conditions affect reliability....

Augmenting Pediatric Care With Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities and Responsibilities for Nurse Practitioners.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a critical tool for nurse practitioners delivering pediatric and adolescent and young adult (A...

Repurposing Non-oncologic Drugs via Targeted Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Synergistic Combinations, and Clinical Translation.

The urgent need for innovative cancer therapies has driven increasing interest in repurposing drugs originally developed for non-oncological diseases....

Viral Infections and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Reinterpreting the Crosstalk Through a Dual-Role Lens.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are multifactorial disorders with increasing evidence implicating viral infections in their pathogenesis. However, c...

Gait Analysis for Identifying Normal Cognition, Subjective Cognitive Decline, and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson Disease: Diagnostic Study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) along with subjective cognitive decline (PD-SCD) are considered an intermediate status between those ...

Noninvasive Electrophysiological Biomarkers of Olfactory Responses Across Cognitive States in Alzheimer Dementia: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, with olfactory dysfunction emerging among its earliest symptoms....

Developing machine learning models for fluid milk spoilage classification.

The dairy as well as other food industries face major challenges as retirement of experienced staff members can lead to substantial knowledge and skil...

Artificial intelligence in cervical cancer screening and triage: a role-stratified systematic review and bivariate meta-analysis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for cervical cancer screening have proliferated, but modality-pooled accuracy estimates conflate...