Stem Cell Research

Cooperativity enables widespread role of low-affinity motifs in chromatin accessibility and increases regulatory potential.

Low-affinity transcription-factor (TF) motifs are an important element of the cis-regulatory code, yet they are notoriously difficult to map and mechanistically incompletely understood, limiting our ability to interpret non-coding variation in development, evolution, and disease. Here, we investigate their role in pioneering and leverage sequence-to-profile models of chromatin accessibility in mou...

Evidence-Informed Occupational Therapy Decision Support Using Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation.

Occupational therapy clinical decision-making requires support that is both evidence-informed and traceable. To develop and evaluate a clinical decision-support system (CDSS) for occupational therapy using the Japanese Association of Occupational Therapists (JAOT) Case Report Corpus. A total of 3,023 cases were included, with 90% used as a reference case set and 10% as a test case set. A knowledge...

[Dual-axis evolution model of physical intervention-bioprinting depth for in situ 3D bioprinting in vivo and research perspectives].

In situ 3D bioprinting in vivo is leading a profound paradigm shift of manufacturing in regenerative medicine. However, to achieve the leap from mere ...

An Umbrella Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Mental Health Care.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in mental health care to address rising demand, workforce shortages and access barriers;...

NICE: A Two-Step Non-Invasive Framework for Embryo cfDNA Read Enrichment and Quality Assessment.

Non-invasive preimplantation genetic testing (niPGT) using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) extracted from spent embryo culture medium (SECM) has shown great pot...

Radiologic, Pathologic, and Deep Learning Predictors of Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Post-Treatment Nephrectomy.

Response assessment of primary kidney tumors in the consolidation cytoreductive and neoadjuvant settings offers a unique opportunity to inform postope...

Artificial Intelligence utilization, perceptions, and readiness within the infection prevention workforce: Findings from the 2025 APIC MegaSurvey.

BACKGROUND: The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) presents an opportunity to enhance infection prevention practices. However, its use among infec...

Community Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery: A Proposal.

BACKGROUND: Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery (PRAS) faces domain erosion from adjacent specialties and jurisdictional competition. To ma...

Deep Learning-Based Classification of In Vivo Embryonic Development Stages in Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Using Real-Time Microscopy Images.

Accurate staging of embryonic development is crucial for applied studies that require precise determination of embryonic age, such as developmental bi...

Organ-at-risk contouring education in the era of AI-assisted practice: Insights from an Australian undergraduate radiation therapy program.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into radiation therapy workflows offers significant opportunities to improve effic...

Training Perspectives from the NIH T32 Artificial Intelligence for Precision Nutrition Programs.

Nutrition is one of the few modifiable risk factors for health status. The diet-disease relationship, however, is highly complex, with many endogenous...

Pulp and Periapical Biology: The Foundations of Personalized Endodontics.

Endodontic care has traditionally focused on the management of local disease conditions and long-term function. As the burden of pulpal and periapical...

Systematic assessment of the medical utility of radiology and diagnostic Artificial Intelligence in fracture detection (SAMURAI-fracture): a protocol for a multicentre cluster-randomised controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Fracture misdiagnosis is a common diagnostic error in emergency departments (EDs) and minor injury units (MIUs), leading to poor patient...

Robot-assisted rehabilitation therapy for adhesive capsulitis: A pilot randomized controlled trial on clinical and patient-reported outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Adhesive capsulitis, commonly known as frozen shoulder, presents with pain and restricted movement. Treatments include physical therapy fo...

Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography-based radiomics of bone metastases for predicting epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status and targeted therapy efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop a single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT)-based radiomics model using bone m...

AI-derived Histopathological Signatures Are Associated With Response to Mepolizumab in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with variable response to biologic therapy. Tissue...

Safety-Oriented Evaluation of Large Language Models in Health Care: Guideline-Informed Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly emerging in health care, offering opportunities in decision support, education, and research, but...

Ethics of artificial intelligence prognostication in palliative care: perspectives from a national survey of palliative care physicians.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have the potential to transform access to and delivery of palliative care globally-an urgent unmet need...

Integrated evaluation of rapid diagnostic testing, genotypic-phenotypic resistance profiling, and AI-Assisted prediction models for antimicrobial stewardship and clinical outcomes in a resource-limited setting.

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a major global health concern, necessitating timely and accurate diagnostic approaches to guide a...

From PhysioNet to foundation models-a history and potential futures.

Over the last 35 years, the sharing of medical data and models for research has evolved from sneakernet to the internet-from mailing magnetic tapes an...