Surgery

Metabolic Phenotypes, Genotypes, and Gut Microbiome Signatures in Obesity: Implications for Precision Nutrition Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention.

The worldwide prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased rapidly in the last decades. This rise has led to a surge in comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiometabolic diseases, and mental health issues. While general population-based nutrition guidelines have proven effective in reducing T2D incidence by 50%, a significant 30% of participants do not respond to these interventio...

Transforming surgical planning and procedures through the synergistic use of additive manufacturing, advanced materials and artificial intelligence: challenges and opportunities.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a powerful approach in healthcare to augment the functionalities of patient-specific medical products and surgical tools. One such area of the healthcare industry is surgical planning and procedures, where the benefits of AM can revolutionize the industry. AM technologies, commonly known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, can change the conventional surgical methodo...

Machine-Learning Prediction of Bleeding After Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a minimally invasive treatment for early gastric cancer (GC); however, post-ESD bleeding remains...

3D Auto-segmentation of pancreas cancer and surrounding anatomical structures for surgical planning.

BACKGROUND: This multicenter study aimed to develop a deep learning-based autosegmentation model for pancreatic cancer and surrounding anatomical stru...

Artificial Intelligence-Based prediction model for surgical site infection in metastatic spinal disease: a multicenter development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of metastatic spinal disease often involves surgical intervention; however, surgical site infections (SSI) pose a great challeng...

Validation of the ACS-NSQIP surgical risk calculator for patients with paraoesophageal hernias undergoing robotic repair.

BACKGROUND: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) American College of Surgeons (ACS) risk calculator is a validated method of pred...

Climate Change Impact on Human-Rodent Interfaces: Modeling Junin Virus Reservoir Shifts.

The drylands vesper mouse (Calomys musculinus) is the primary host for Junin mammarenavirus (JUNV), the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fev...

Catheter detection and segmentation in X-ray images via multi-task learning.

PURPOSE: Automated detection and segmentation of surgical devices, such as catheters or wires, in X-ray fluoroscopic images have the potential to enha...

Dual-task meta-auxiliary learning in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence is transforming surgical practices by improving procedural quality and decision-making. Machine learning-based video ...

Non-conventional diagnostic tools for lower urinary tract symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction in men: a perspective review.

Introduction Assessing male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to Benign outlet obstruction (BOO) remains a challenge in urology due to the limit...

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Timing of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Recognition during Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy.

BACKGROUND: As a first step to prevent recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy, we have developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based anatomical recog...

Exploring the Development and Future Directions of Facial Bone Contouring: A Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis From 2005 to 2025.

The study aims to evaluate the global research landscape of facial bone contouring to identify current hotspots and future research directions. Data w...

Optimizing surgical efficiency: predicting case duration of common general surgery procedures using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of surgical duration is critical to optimizing use of operating room resources. Currently, cases are scheduled using s...

Predictive modeling for early detection of refractory esophageal stricture following esophageal atresia surgery: insight from a machine learning study.

BACKGROUND: Refractory esophageal stricture (RES) presents a challenging complication after esophageal atresia (EA) repair. Earlier identification of ...

A machine learning model integrating clinical-radiomics-deep learning features accurately predicts postoperative recurrence and metastasis of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

OBJECTIVES: Post-surgical prediction of recurrence or metastasis for primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) remains challenging. We aim to de...

Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Artificial intelligence (AI) drives transformative changes in orthopedic surgery, steering it toward precision and personalization through intelligent...

Corrigendum to "SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based, multivariate machine-learning techniques with external validation: Construction of a preoperative interpretable predictive model for intestinal resection of incarcerated inguinal hernia" [Surgery 184 (2025) 109406].

Safety of nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in cardiac surgery: a historical cohort study.

PURPOSE: Pain management after cardiac surgery is imperative, as inadequate analgesia can increase the risk of myocardial ischemia, thromboembolism, a...

Impact of mHealth on Postoperative Quality of Life, Self-Management, and Dysfunction in Patients With Oral and Maxillofacial Tumors: Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: With a focus on postoperative dysfunctions that may occur after maxillofacial tumor resection and the difficulties faced during home rehab...

Novel Application of Connectomics to the Surgical Management of Pediatric Arteriovenous Malformations.

Introduction The emergence of connectomics in neurosurgery has allowed for construction of detailed maps of white matter connections, incorporating bo...