Surgery

Predictive accuracy of a general-purpose artificial intelligence model for cut-out following proximal femoral nailing.

INTRODUCTION: Cut-out is the most consequential mechanical complication after proximal femoral nailing and requires prompt recognition. General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) models with image-interpretation capability are increasingly accessible, yet their diagnostic performance for this task is unknown. We evaluated ChatGPT's accuracy for predicting cut-out following proximal femoral naili...

Machine learning-based prediction of Clavien-Dindo ≥ II complications after ureteroscopy.

PURPOSE: Clavien-Dindo (CD) grade II complications after ureteroscopy occur in approximately 13-17% of cases, typically involving infections or bleeding requiring medical intervention. Thus, the purpose of this study was to create and internally validate a lean prediction model for CD ≥ II complications after ureteroscopy using routinely available perioperative predictors. METHODS: Retrospective s...

Artificial intelligence-based photographic detection of pink esthetic score attributes using a hybrid deep learning segmentation pipeline: a method development study.

This study aimed to develop and internally validate a novel anatomy-driven artificial intelligence (AI) system for automated postoperative Pink Esthet...

Knowledge Distillation and Reinforcement Learning in a Human--Machine Collaboration Delivery System With a Robotic Arm.

Robotic arms are widely used in various aspects of human-robot collaboration. The primary goal of this study is to explore the usability of robotic ar...

Adaptive Admittance Control for Robotic Ultrasound Examination Based on a Breast Biomechanical Model.

BACKGROUND: Autonomous Robotic Ultrasound Systems (ARUS) enable standardized breast cancer screening, but accurate breast localization and the nonline...

Development of an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Model of Renal Vasculature for Surgical Planning in Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy.

BACKGROUND: This single-centre study aimed to implement and internally validate a deep learning pipeline based on a 3D SegResNet architecture for auto...

A Data-Driven Medication Regimen Complexity Score for Critically Ill Patients: MRC-ICU 2.0.

BACKGROUND: The 2019 medication regimen complexity-intensive care unit (MRC-ICU) score is associated with patient outcomes, ICU complications, and cri...

Risk Stratification for Postpartum Hemorrhage in Vaginal Delivery: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Predelivery and Intrapartum Risk Assessment.

AIM: To develop and validate machine learning models for clinically applicable risk stratification of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in vaginal delivery,...

Cross-Stream and Cross-Channel Attention Networks for Surgical Skill Classification in Open Surgery From Hand Kinematics.

BACKGROUND: Despite the extensive research on skill assessment in minimally invasive surgery, applications in open surgery (OS) remain limited. METHOD...

Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning-Based Clinical Prediction Model for Short-Term Mortality in Intracerebral Hemorrhage With Thrombocytopenia: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with thrombocytopenia is associated with poor outcomes, but early risk prediction tools for this subgroup a...

Exploratory Analysis of Factors Associated With Pressure Injuries in Surgical Patients Assessed With the ELPO Scale.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to analyse predictors associated with pressure injury occurrence and to explore the relationship between pre...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Poor Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high risks of mortality and disability, yet early and accurate outcome predi...

The Clinical outcomes following pencil beam scanning proton therapy for skull base chordoma and chondrosarcoma: a single-institution experience.

BACKGROUND: Chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the skull base are rare, locally aggressive tumors that pose significant therapeutic challenges due to th...

Role of Artificial Intelligence in acromegaly detection and management.

Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly, diagnostic delay remains substantial, often exceeding 6-10 years, while a s...

Development and validation of an artificial intelligence-powered 3D digital twin for teaching and assessing retraction for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND: Developing professional expertise warrants deliberate practice, where skills are developed and refined through repeated engagement with ta...

Artificial intelligence in knee osteotomy: evolution of alignment assessment and surgical decision-making.

Knee osteotomy remains a fundamental joint-preserving intervention for unicompartmental osteoarthritis and lower limb malalignment, yet traditional tw...

Surgical outcomes and risk factors identification for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair by pneumatic retinopexy using pure air.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and identify risk factors for failure of pneumatic retinopexy (PR) using pure air. METHO...

Standard-of-care vs. machine learning-recommended discharge destinations for geriatric surgical inpatients: algorithm development and internal validation.

PURPOSE: Older adults undergoing surgery are at high risk for adverse outcomes due to age-related vulnerabilities. Comprehensive geriatric assessment ...

Predicting Care Needs in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using Explainable Machine Learning and a Multidimensional Approach Integrating Health, Social, and Environmental Factors: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Rapid population aging and a worsening shortage of care workers necessitate the identification of older adults who require proactive inter...

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting hemoptysis risk in patients with bronchiectasis: A study based on Random Forest algorithm.

Hemoptysis is a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of bronchiectasis. There is currently a lack of reliable tools for the individual...