Surgery

Latest AI and machine learning research in surgery for healthcare professionals.

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Seeing Through the Tool: A Controlled Benchmark for Occlusion Robustness in Foundation Segmentation Models

Occlusion, where target structures are partially hidden by surgical instruments or overlapping tissu...

Data-Efficient Surgical Phase Segmentation in Small-Incision Cataract Surgery: A Controlled Study of Vision Foundation Models

Surgical phase segmentation is central to computer-assisted surgery, yet robust models remain diffic...

Vision Transformers for Preoperative CT-Based Prediction of Histopathologic Chemotherapy Response Score in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

Purpose. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterized by pronounced biological and s...

Benchmarking Deep Learning for Future Liver Remnant Segmentation in Colorectal Liver Metastasis

Accurate segmentation of the future liver remnant (FLR) is critical for surgical planning in colorec...

A Rapid Instrument Exchange System for Humanoid Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Humanoid robot technologies have demonstrated immense potential for minimally invasive surgery (MIS)...

Developmental brain age gap in prematurity and postnatally emerging delay in congenital heart disease

Brain development follows a precisely regulated biological timetable, with defined periods of vulner...

Artificial Intelligence and Circulating microRNA Signatures for Early Breast Cancer Detection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Early breast cancer detection remains central to improving clinical outcomes, yet conven...

A Comparative Study in Surgical AI: Datasets, Foundation Models, and Barriers to Med-AGI

Recent Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have matched or exceeded human experts in several benchma...

Single-Cell Analysis of Microglia and Monocyte Dynamics Uncover Distinct TNF-a-driven Neuroimmune Signatures after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Innate immune cells contribute to both secondary brain injury and repair following intracerebral hem...

SHANDS: A Multi-View Dataset and Benchmark for Surgical Hand-Gesture and Error Recognition Toward Medical Training

In surgical training for medical students, proficiency development relies on expert-led skill assess...

Classification of Recurrence Status After Surgical Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hemorrhage - A Machine Learning Approach

Background Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) recurrence requiring reoperation occurs in 5-33% of case...

Seeing Through Smoke: Surgical Desmoking for Improved Visual Perception

Minimally invasive and robot-assisted surgery relies heavily on endoscopic imaging, yet surgical smo...

Training-free Detection and 6D Pose Estimation of Unseen Surgical Instruments

Purpose: Accurate detection and 6D pose estimation of surgical instruments are crucial for many comp...

Towards Comprehensive Real-Time Scene Understanding in Ophthalmic Surgery through Multimodal Image Fusion

Purpose: The integration of multimodal imaging into operating rooms paves the way for comprehensive ...

OsteoFlow: Lyapunov-Guided Flow Distillation for Predicting Bone Remodeling after Mandibular Reconstruction

Predicting long-term bone remodeling after mandibular reconstruction would be of great clinical bene...

A vision-language model and platform for temporally mapping surgery from video

Mapping surgery is fundamental to developing operative guidelines and enabling autonomous robotic su...

CataractSAM-2: A Domain-Adapted Model for Anterior Segment Surgery Segmentation and Scalable Ground-Truth Annotation

We present CataractSAM-2, a domain-adapted extension of Meta's Segment Anything Model 2, designed fo...

PRM-as-a-Judge: A Dense Evaluation Paradigm for Fine-Grained Robotic Auditing

Current robotic evaluation is still largely dominated by binary success rates, which collapse rich e...

6D Robotic OCT Scanning of Curved Tissue Surfaces

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive volumetric imaging modality with high spatial a...

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