Surgery

Development and external validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting prolonged postoperative ICU length of stay in coronary artery bypass grafting patients using MIMIC-IV 3.1 and eICU-CRD 2.0.

BACKGROUND: Prolonged postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) drives resource use yet remains difficult to anticipate at the 24-hour ICU evaluation moment when extended monitoring beyond 72 h is first considered. We developed and externally validated an interpretable machine-learning decision-support calculator for this deployment m...

Artificial intelligence-based quantitative computed tomography assessment of shoulder muscle and its association with outcomes after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the shoulder muscles are known to influence clinical outcomes after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). Although quantitative evaluation of rotator cuff muscles has been increasingly reported, most previous studies have focused on intrinsic muscles and relied on two-dimensional or manual assessment methods. The purpose of this study was ...

Robotic versus Laparoscopic Colectomy for Cancer.

Minimally invasive colon and rectal surgery provides oncologic outcomes at least equivalent to open surgery with a multitude of benefits. While laparo...

Cross-scale biomimicry of resilin and resilin-like proteins: From phase separation and dityrosine photocrosslinking to tissue repair and soft robotic devices.

Resilin and resilin-like proteins (RLPs) provide a programmable platform for bioinspired soft materials that spans molecular design, condensate micros...

Promising performance of locally deployed large language models for postoperative orthopaedic patient questions: An In Silico analysis.

PURPOSE: Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), are increasingly utilised in healthcare. While this may r...

The Addition of Computer-Aided Detection (CADe) to Texture and Color Enhancement Imaging (TXI) Does Not Improve Adenoma Detection Rate During Colonoscopy: A Prospective Study.

OBJECTIVES: Early detection and resection of colorectal polyps prevent their progression toward advanced adenocarcinomas. The use of Texture and Color...

Robotic physical comparison of biologically motivated and counterfactual sensory arrangements using biomimetic skin.

Human skin contains diverse mechanoreceptors, including Merkel cells and Pacinian corpuscles, each localized in specific regions. Although their spati...

Consistent analgesic effect of intravenous dexamethasone on rebound pain after brachial plexus block: a causal machine learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Rebound pain, a sudden increase in pain intensity after resolution of regional anesthesia, remains a major challenge in postoperative pati...

Prostatic artery embolization and imaging-based biomarkers: current tools in monitoring treatment response and emerging strategies.

Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) attributed to benign ...

AI-assisted digital breast tomosynthesis as a decision-support tool for post-neoadjuvant surgical planning in breast cancer.

PURPOSE: Accurate assessment of residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is essential for surgical planning and prevention of incomplete ...

Deep learning in acute ischemic stroke imaging: a systematic review of CT- and MRI-based segmentation, triage, and prognostic modeling.

BACKGROUND: Acute ischemic stroke is a time-critical neurological emergency in which imaging directly influences diagnosis, treatment eligibility, tis...

Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence-Based System for Standardized Hand Hygiene Monitoring Among Operating Room Personnel.

ObjectiveThis study developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based hand hygiene assessment system to improve low-supervision monitoring, enhance comp...

Automated Identification of Surgical Site Infections From Electronic Medical Records: Retrospective Observational Predictive Modeling Study.

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSIs) affect 160,000 to 300,000 patients annually, increasing postoperative mortality, causing significant compl...

Evaluating ChatGPT's Ability to Provide Patient Care Information in Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Comparative Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Patients increasingly use the Internet and artificial intelligence (AI) platforms ChatGPT for medical information, raising concerns about ...

Diagnosing lung disorder and optimal classification using dense convolution (Dc)-CapsNet technique.

Lung carcinoma is regarded as lung cancer and is the usual form of cancers worldwide. It cannot be diagnosed easily until it spreads and is regarded a...

A lightweight improved YOLOv11 framework for intracranial hemorrhage detection.

Timely and accurate detection of intracranial hemorrhage in CT images is essential for emergency intervention and for reducing disability and mortalit...

Risk prediction models based on machine learning for emergence delirium in elderly patients undergoing spine surgery: development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Emergence delirium (ED) is a common complication in elderly patients undergoing surgery for degenerative spinal disease (DSD) and is assoc...

Transvaginal ultrasound-based radiomics and integrated clinical indicators via multimodal deep learning for prediction of endometrial polyp recurrence after hysteroscopic surgery.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a multimodal deep learning model integrating preoperative transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS)-based radiomics features and clinical...

Artificial intelligence-augmented robotic surgery in gynecologic oncology: intraoperative assistance and analytics.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into robotic-assisted surgery, transforming digital surgical platforms into...

[Computational medicine empowers multi-dimensional diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer].

Due to its high genomic heterogeneity and dense desmoplastic microenvironment, traditional diagnosis and treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom...