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Latest AI and machine learning research in surveys for healthcare professionals.

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Latent Bias Alignment for High-Fidelity Diffusion Inversion in Real-World Image Reconstruction and Manipulation

Recent research has shown that text-to-image diffusion models are capable of generating high-quality images guided by text prompts. But can they be used to generate or approximate real-world images from the seed noise? This is known as the diffusion inversion problem, which serves as a fundamental building block for bridging diffusion models and real-world scenarios. However, existing diffusion in...

Mar 25 2026 2603.23903v1

The Alignment Tax: Response Homogenization in Aligned LLMs and Its Implications for Uncertainty Estimation

RLHF-aligned language models exhibit response homogenization: on TruthfulQA (n=790), 40-79% of questions produce a single semantic cluster across 10 i.i.d. samples. On affected questions, sampling-based uncertainty methods have zero discriminative power (AUROC=0.500), while free token entropy retains signal (0.603). This alignment tax is task-dependent: on GSM8K (n=500), token entropy achieves 0.7...

Mar 25 2026 2603.24124v1
From Pixels to Semantics: A Multi-Stage AI Framework for Structural Damage Detection in Satellite Imagery

Rapid and accurate structural damage assessment following natural disasters is critical for effective emergency response and recovery. However, remote...

Mar 24 2026 2603.22768v1
Consistent but Dangerous: Per-Sample Safety Classification Reveals False Reliability in Medical Vision-Language Models

Consistency under paraphrase, the property that semantically equivalent prompts yield identical predictions, is increasingly used as a proxy for relia...

Mar 22 2026 2603.20985v1
Improving genomic language model reliability under distribution shift

Transformer-based Genomic Language Models (GLMs) have achieved strong performance across diverse genomic prediction tasks. However, their tendency tow...

R&D: Balancing Reliability and Diversity in Synthetic Data Augmentation for Semantic Segmentation

Collecting and annotating datasets for pixel-level semantic segmentation tasks are highly labor-intensive. Data augmentation provides a viable solutio...

Mar 19 2026 2603.18427v1
Starting Off on the Wrong Foot: Pitfalls in Data Preparation

When working with real-world insurance data, practitioners often encounter challenges during the data preparation stage that can undermine the statist...

Mar 18 2026 2603.18190v1
When Generative Augmentation Hurts: A Benchmark Study of GAN and Diffusion Models for Bias Correction in AI Classification Systems

Generative models are widely used to compensate for class imbalance in AI training pipelines, yet their failure modes under low-data conditions are po...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16134v1
Grounding the Score: Explicit Visual Premise Verification for Reliable Vision-Language Process Reward Models

Vision-language process reward models (VL-PRMs) are increasingly used to score intermediate reasoning steps and rerank candidates under test-time scal...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16253v1
An Interpretable Machine Learning Framework for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Drug Response Analysis

Lung cancer is a condition where there is abnormal growth of malignant cells that spread in an uncontrollable fashion in the lungs. Some common treatm...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16330v1
TracktorLive: an integrated real-time object tracking and response system

Real-time tracking and automated response systems are essential for standardising experiments, reducing observer bias, and improving reproducibility i...

A twin-aware multimodal deep learning framework with optimized late fusion for early prediction of adolescent anxiety disorder

Mental health related problems in adolescents are not always properly evaluated because of incomplete evaluation methods that do not combine biologica...

FairMed-XGB: A Bayesian-Optimised Multi-Metric Framework with Explainability for Demographic Equity in Critical Healthcare Data

Machine learning models deployed in critical care settings exhibit demographic biases, particularly gender disparities, that undermine clinical trust ...

Mar 16 2026 2603.14947v1
Stuck on Suggestions: Automation Bias, the Anchoring Effect, and the Factors That Shape Them in Computational Pathology

Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven decision support systems can improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in computational pathology. However, colla...

Mar 12 2026 2603.11821v2
Adaptation of Weakly Supervised Localization in Histopathology by Debiasing Predictions

Weakly Supervised Object Localization (WSOL) models enable joint classification and region-of-interest localization in histology images using only ima...

Mar 12 2026 2603.12468v1
Multi-Criteria Validation of LLM-Inferred Depression Severity from Outpatient Psychiatry Notes

Background: Longitudinal measurement of depression severity in outpatient psychiatric care is limited by infrequent standardized assessments. Although...

Deployment-Time Reliability of Learned Robot Policies

Recent advances in learning-based robot manipulation have produced policies with remarkable capabilities. Yet, reliability at deployment remains a fun...

Mar 12 2026 2603.11400v1
Managing Cognitive Bias in Human Labeling Operations for Rare-Event AI: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Many operational AI systems depend on large-scale human annotation to detect rare but consequential events (e.g., fraud, defects, and medical abnormal...

Mar 12 2026 2603.11511v1
Stuck on Suggestions: Automation Bias, the Anchoring Effect, and the Factors That Shape Them in Computational Pathology

Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven decision support systems can improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in computational pathology. However, colla...

Mar 12 2026 2603.11821v1
On the Reliability of Cue Conflict and Beyond

Understanding how neural networks rely on visual cues offers a human-interpretable view of their internal decision processes. The cue-conflict benchma...

Mar 11 2026 2603.10834v2
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