Surveys

Improving Clinical Decision-Making in Treating Airway Diseases With an Expert System Built Upon the Free AI Tool Google NotebookLM.

We used the free artificial intelligence (AI) tool Google NotebookLM, powered by the large language model Gemini 2.0, to construct a medical decision-making aid for diagnosing and managing airway diseases and subsequently evaluated its functionality and performance in a clinical workflow. After feeding this tool with relevant published clinical guidelines for these diseases, we evaluated the feasi...

Medicolegal Implications and Current Landscape of Artificial Intelligence in Plastic Surgery.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into plastic and reconstructive surgery. It supports preoperative prediction and imaging analysis, intraoperative visualization, and postoperative monitoring. While these advancements demonstrate AI's growing potential across the surgical continuum, their adoption also presents ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges. Concerns surrounding a...

Machine learning based thermal response study of university students under summer outdoor military training.

Visual perception significantly influences human thermal comfort. However, few studies have examined its role in predicting thermal comfort, especiall...

Patient Perspectives on AI-Powered Medical Robots in Breast and Prostate Cancer Care: Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Nearly 250,000 cancer cases are diagnosed annually in Canada, with breast and prostate cancer representing 25% and 22% of new cases, respe...

A Comparison of Ten Large Language Models and a Conventional Search Engine for Clinical Decision Support in Anesthesiology: Expert Agreement and Physician Perceptions.

BACKGROUND: Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled large language models (LLMs) to generate complex and contextually relevant medical r...

Characterization of Models for Identifying Physical and Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults With Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Physical frailty and cognitive frailty are increasingly recognized as critical geriatric syndromes among older adults with diabetes, contr...

Scale abbreviation with supervised machine learning: A comparison of feature selection techniques.

Scale abbreviation is a crucial task for researchers aiming to reduce response burden and optimize data collection when using self-report instruments ...

Understanding drivers of neonatal mortality in Zimbabwe: A machine learning approach using survey data.

In Zimbabwe, the neonatal mortality rate (NMR) is higher than the regional average, and the country is not on track to reach the Sustainable Developme...

Clinically aligned whole-body MRI segmentation of skeletal metastases via Supervised Anatomical Pretraining.

In oncology practice, response assessment of metastatic disease requires reliable and reproducible quantification of measurable metastatic burden. Man...

Multi-model Artificial Intelligence Evaluation in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy, linguistic clarity, and user satisfaction of three large language models (ChatGPT-4.0, Claude 3.7 Sonet...

Quality, Reliability, and Dissemination of In Vitro Fertilization-Related Videos on Chinese Social Media: Cross-Sectional Analysis of 300 Short Videos.

BACKGROUND: Patients increasingly rely on short-video platforms for information regarding in vitro fertilization (IVF), yet the relationship between t...

Interdisciplinary expertise to advance human-centered explainable AI.

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly influencing health and healthcare, but bias and inadequate subgroup performance persists. Previou...

Role of WNK4 and FKBP5 in asthma: Insights from bioinformatics analysis, machine learning, and preliminary validation.

BACKGROUND: The complex and heterogeneous molecular mechanisms of asthma are currently unclear, and treatment outcomes are dismal in some patients. Th...

Education Research: Bridging the Artificial Intelligence Training Gap: Evidence from a National Survey of Italian Neurology Residents.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: As artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly becomes an integral tool in clinical neurology, future clinicians will need to mast...

Gender-based data bias and model fairness evaluation in benchmarked open-access disease prediction datasets.

The widespread use of open-access datasets for validating machine learning (ML) models has raised critical concerns about data bias and model fairness...

Lymphocyte-based inflammatory biomarkers during the postpartum period and postpartum depression symptoms in U.S. women.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) has multiple cascading negative effects on maternal and infant health. Inflammation is a potential factor for ...

The role of epistemic beliefs in predicting ChatGPT adoption and avoidance in higher education.

AI-based tools such as ChatGPT are currently reshaping the landscape of higher education and significantly impacting student learning and academic ach...

Development and validation of a machine learning model for frailty screening using claims data in Japan: the Longevity Improvement & Fair Evidence Study.

BACKGROUND: Frailty is an ageing-associated multidimensional condition linked to higher long-term care (LTC) needs, healthcare expenditures, and morta...

Predicting dose accumulation reliability at the planning stage, with an application to adaptive proton therapy.

Objective.Online adaptive proton therapy could benefit from reoptimization that considers the total dose delivered in previous fractions. However, the...

Prediction of 12-Week Remission in Patients With Depressive Disorder Using Reasoning-Based Large Language Models: Model Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Depressive disorder affects over 300 million people globally, with only 30% to 40% of patients achieving remission with initial antidepres...