Transplantation

Enhancing Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring via Multi-Organ Segmentation on Non-Contrast Cardiac Computed Tomography

Despite coronary artery calcium scoring being considered a largely solved problem within the realm of medical artificial intelligence, this paper argues that significant improvements can still be made. By shifting the focus from pathology detection to a deeper understanding of anatomy, the novel algorithm proposed in the paper both achieves high accuracy in coronary artery calcium scoring and of...

Infrared and Visible Image Fusion: From Data Compatibility to Task Adaption

Infrared-visible image fusion (IVIF) is a critical task in computer vision, aimed at integrating the unique features of both infrared and visible spectra into a unified representation. Since 2018, the field has entered the deep learning era, with an increasing variety of approaches introducing a range of networks and loss functions to enhance visual performance. However, challenges such as data ...

PIXELS: Progressive Image Xemplar-based Editing with Latent Surgery

Recent advancements in language-guided diffusion models for image editing are often bottle-necked by cumbersome prompt engineering to precisely arti...

Self-supervised Transformation Learning for Equivariant Representations

Unsupervised representation learning has significantly advanced various machine learning tasks. In the computer vision domain, state-of-the-art appr...

RoHan: Robust Hand Detection in Operation Room

Hand-specific localization has garnered significant interest within the computer vision community. Although there are numerous datasets with hand an...

Training-Free Motion-Guided Video Generation with Enhanced Temporal Consistency Using Motion Consistency Loss

In this paper, we address the challenge of generating temporally consistent videos with motion guidance. While many existing methods depend on addit...

Code Generation for Cryptographic Kernels using Multi-word Modular Arithmetic on GPU

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are emerging as solutions for data security in distributed environments. However...

High throughput variant libraries and machine learning yield design rules for retron gene editors.

The bacterial retron reverse transcriptase system has served as an intracellular factory for single-stranded DNA in many biotechnological applications...

Leveraging Registers in Vision Transformers for Robust Adaptation

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have shown success across a variety of tasks due to their ability to capture global image representations. Recent studies...

Separate Source Channel Coding Is Still What You Need: An LLM-based Rethinking

Along with the proliferating research interest in Semantic Communication (SemCom), Joint Source Channel Coding (JSCC) has dominated the attention du...

LatteReview: A Multi-Agent Framework for Systematic Review Automation Using Large Language Models

Systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses are essential for synthesizing research insights, but they remain time-intensive and labor-intensive...

Multi-Head Explainer: A General Framework to Improve Explainability in CNNs and Transformers

In this study, we introduce the Multi-Head Explainer (MHEX), a versatile and modular framework that enhances both the explainability and accuracy of...

Adaptive Hardness-driven Augmentation and Alignment Strategies for Multi-Source Domain Adaptations

Multi-source Domain Adaptation (MDA) aims to transfer knowledge from multiple labeled source domains to an unlabeled target domain. Nevertheless, tr...

Neural xenografts contribute to long-term recovery in stroke via molecular graft-host crosstalk

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death due to the brain’s limited ability to regenerate damaged neural circuits. To date, stroke patients h...

HLAIIPred: Cross-Attention Mechanism for Modeling the Interaction of HLA Class II Molecules with Peptides

We introduce HLAIIPred, a deep learning model to predict peptides presented by class II human leukocyte antigens (HLAII) on the surface of antigen pre...

Auto-MedCalc: Automated Biomarkers Discovery and Risk Score Generation with AI Agents

Identifying biomarkers and generating risk scores are usually essential tasks in many biomedicine and clinical scenarios. However, this is a highly hy...

Mapping and reprogramming human tissue microenvironments with MintFlow

Tissue microenvironments reprogram local cellular states in disease, yet current computational spatial methods remain descriptive and do not simulate ...

Machine-Learning-Assisted Exploration of High Entropy-Atom Nanozyme for Anti-Tumor Immunotherapy by Enhancing Enzyme Activity and Disrupting Dual Energy Metabolism

Despite its potential in cancer therapy, single-atom nanozyme (SAzyme) faces challenges like low atomic loading and rapid cancer metabolism. Here, a h...

Clinical and molecular characterisation of primary refractoriness to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Despite improved outcomes with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A+B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), primary refractoriness (PRef), characterised by ...

Polymer functionalized liposomes as universal nanocarriers for drug delivery: Single particle insights on size-dependent performance and intracellular behavior

Nanomedicine requires smart delivery systems that are precise, robust, and universal. While liposomes are established vehicles in drug delivery, their...