Transplantation

Immune checkpoint molecules beyond PD-1 and CTLA-4: emerging targets in autoimmune diseases and cancer immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint molecules are pivotal regulators of immune activation and tolerance, playing critical roles in cancer, autoimmunity, infectious diseases, and transplantation. While programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) remain the most extensively studied checkpoints, immune checkpoint receptors beyond PD-1 and CTLA-4, includin...

A deep learning-based framework for patient-specific radiation dose prediction in beta-emitting radionuclide therapies.

OBJECTIVE: Conventional image-based models for radionuclide therapy dosimetry are typically radionuclide-specific and rely on nuclear medicine (NM) images for training. We developed a deep learning (DL) model that predicts doses for not only training radionuclides but also radionuclides not included in the training data without patient NM images. APPROACH: The DL model was trained to predict voxel...

Amniotic fluid metabolic biomarkers of fetal physiology and pregnancy success†.

Amniotic fluid (AF) profiling provides a minimally invasive window into early fetal physiology. We characterized the AF metabolome from first trimeste...

Comprehensive Multiomics Characterization of Perineural Invasion in Cervical Cancer Reveals Diagnostic Markers, Molecular Drivers, and Therapeutic Strategies.

UNLABELLED: Perineural invasion (PNI) is an important pathologic feature of cervical cancer that is associated with poor prognosis and provides key in...

Discovery of Novel MLKL PROTAC Degraders for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Promoting Parthanatos.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to its low immunogenicity and immunosuppre...

Lipid Corona Formation on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Machine Learning-Based Identification of Causal Lipidomic Properties.

The adsorption of biomolecules onto nanoparticle (NP) surfaces, forming the so-called biocorona (BC), plays a crucial role in defining the biological ...

Machine Learning Prediction of Laccase-Catalyzed Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds Using Curated Enzyme-Specific Datasets.

Laccases are multi-copper oxidase enzymes that oxidize a wide range of aromatic and non-aromatic compounds using molecular oxygen, producing water as ...

Influence of blood transfusion on outcomes in patients with gastric cancer.

Chen et al's research provides valuable data supporting the cautious use of transfusions during gastric cancer surgery. However, to interpret causalit...

Systematic evaluation of single-cell multimodal data integration enhances cell type resolution and discovery of clinically relevant states in complex tissues.

BACKGROUND: The integration of multimodal single-cell data enables comprehensive organ reference atlases, yet its impact remains largely unexplored, p...

Assessing the robustness of AI lesion risk scores at different exposure settings using an anthropomorphic breast phantom.

To assess the robustness of risk scores provided by an artificial intelligence (AI) system for digital mammography (DM), when varying the exposure con...

Comparison between artificial intelligence-based and manual organ delineations in pretreatment computed tomography scans of prostate cancer patients: a visual grading study.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical acceptability of artificial intelligence (AI)-based organ segmentations on pretreatment CT images of prostat...

Loop of N2-polarized neutrophils and exhausted CD8 + T cells induces immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC.

While neutrophils represent a prominent myeloid component in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the specific immunosuppressive functions of N2-polari...

Genetic and clinical determinants of tacrolimus accumulation in early liver transplantation: evidence for a combined genotype-antibiotic effect.

BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus is a first-line immunosuppressant essential for preventing graft rejection after liver transplantation, but its narrow therapeu...

Whole-Body Transformation in Obese Patients Undergoing Metabolic Surgery: Insights From Automated Multiorgan Segmentation.

PURPOSE: This study assesses whether automated segmentation allows evaluation of subtle changes in volume and intrinsic tissue characteristics in an o...

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis from a multiscale mechanobiology perspective: Mechanisms and future therapeutic prospects.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease that induces irreversible fibrosis and architectural remodeling. Traditional ...

Integrative transcriptomic and machine learning analysis identifies core immune genes and pathways driving graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a major adverse event following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), commonly...

Machine learning-based prediction of high hospital charges after lung transplantation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Non-polio enterovirus infection and electrophysiological changes in human iPSC-derived neural networks.

BACKGROUND: The non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) and enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) are highly prevalent and considered pathogens of ...

Exploring the mechanism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils against sepsis based on immune model.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and remains a major global health chall...

Integrated reiterative pipeline for rapid epitope-based pan-alphavirus vaccines.

The vast diversity of the virosphere underscores the need for rapid, adaptable vaccine development infrastructures. Arthropod-borne zoonotic alphaviru...