Universal precautions

SGA-DT: An adaptive fusion framework for missing data imputation and interpretable healthcare classification.

Despite advances in machine learning and medical data processing, handling missing values remains a critical and complex challenge in healthcare analytics. Missing data, especially in non-class attributes can severely compromise model accuracy, clinical reliability, and interpretability. In sensitive domains such as healthcare, improper imputation may lead to biased outcomes or delayed interventio...

Evaluation of large language models in supporting autoimmune liver disease diagnosis and clinical decision-making: advantages of reasoning-based models.

INTRODUCTION: Large-language models (LLMs) have demonstrated increasing potential in healthcare, including applications in clinical information retrieval, medical reasoning, and decision support. Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and IgG4-related liver disease, are rare and heterogeneous conditions that o...

The plastisphere as a nexus for antimicrobial resistance: micro(nano)plastics in pathogen colonization, gene transfer, and global health risks.

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as pervasive vectors of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with the plastisphere being a microbia...

TCR recognition of peptide-HLA class II complexes in autoimmunity: Structural insights for therapeutic targeting.

Autoimmune diseases encompass a broad spectrum of disorders in which self-reactive T and B cells breach immune tolerance and drive chronic tissue infl...

Artificial Intelligence in hepatology: A position paper by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming medicine, providing unprecedented opportunities to enhance diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment across all...

Stage-dependent gut microbiome and functional signatures across the liver disease spectrum: an integrative multicohort study.

BACKGROUND: The gut-liver axis plays a critical role in liver disease progression; however, how gut microbial ecology and function vary across disease...

Evaluating Deep Learning Based Structure Prediction Methods on Antibody-Antigen Complexes.

MOTIVATION: AlphaFold2 significantly improved the prediction of protein complex structures. However, its accuracy is lower for interactions without co...

Challenges and Opportunities for Improved Tuberculosis and HIV Prevention in South America.

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause significant morbidity and mortality in South America. Despite the advances in active ca...

Feasibility of short-term hospital mask demand forecasting using a backpropagation neural network under data scarcity.

Early-stage infectious disease outbreaks impose acute pressure on hospital supply systems, particularly for essential protective materials such as med...

Adaptive lightweight mask R-CNN model for underwater debris instance segmentation and classification towards sustainable marine waste management.

The rapid accumulation of marine debris poses a substantial threat to ocean ecosystems, specifically the degradation of plastics, composite materials,...

Metabolite-mediated plant immunity: From traditional defensors to artificial elicitors.

The accelerating global population growth and increasing environmental pressures driven by climate change have made food security an urgent scientific...

Noninvasive Detection of Occult yet Significant Liver Pathology in Alanine Aminotransferase-Normal Chronic Hepatitis B: A Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may harbor occult yet significant liver pathology despite normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT)...

Novel Deep-Learning Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Method for Mitigating Batch, Strain, and Instrument Variations to Enhance Raman Spectroscopy-Based Bacterial Pathogen Identification.

The escalating threat of antibiotic resistance demands a rapid and accurate pathogen identification. While Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learn...

Distillation-SAM: Knowledge Distillation Based Auto-prompt Embedding Learning for Surgical Image Segmentation.

Surgical image segmentation is vital for various stages of surgical procedures, from preoperative planning to real-time navigation and postoperative a...

The Integration of a Diplomacy Lab in a Registered Nurse to Bachelor of Science in Nursing Research and Informatics Course: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing education requires innovative models to prepare practice-ready nurses with global health competencies and real-world research expe...

Ew! Yuck! Ugh! Nonverbal vocalizations of pathogen and moral disgust.

Nonverbal vocalizations like "Ew!" and "Ugh!" are often used to communicate disgust. While disgust evolved primarily to promote the avoidance of patho...

Cerebrovascular CTA radiomics for objective collateral grading in acute ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: Collateral circulation is a key determinant of functional outcome after large vessel occlusion (LVO) and informs thrombectomy decisions. Ho...

Advances in the laboratory diagnosis of non-viral microbial keratitis.

Infectious keratitis remains a leading cause of corneal blindness and visual impairment worldwide, with bacterial, fungal, amoebic and viral pathogens...

A pan-European assessment of multi-sector drivers of human hantavirus risk: climate, biodiversity, and socio-economic factors as key determinants.

The landscape of emerging zoonoses is being rapidly reshaped by concurrent climate change, environmental transformation, and biodiversity loss. These ...

Global distribution, pathogen spectrum, and invasion potential of Hyalomma anatolicum at the human-livestock interface: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and ecological niche modeling.

Hyalomma anatolicum is an efficient vector at the human-livestock interface, yet its global ecological profile remains insufficiently defined. This st...