Universal precautions

Future Perspectives of Liver Research in the Asia-Pacific Region: Focus on Hepatitis B and C.

The Asia-Pacific region faces serious liver health challenges, primarily because of the comparatively high prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, as well as the increasing disease burden of metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-associated liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite MASLD being the cause with the highest ...

Evaluating the usability of an HIV-prevention artificial intelligence chatbot in Malaysia: national observational study.

BACKGROUND: Malaysia, an upper middle-income country in the Asia-Pacific region, has an HIV epidemic that has transitioned from needle sharing to sexual transmission, mainly in MSM. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are the most vulnerable population for HIV in Malaysia. In 2022, our team developed a web-based artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot and tested its feasibility and acceptability among MS...

Discovering the metabolic pathway of liver disease by breath mass spectrometry combined with machine learning.

On account of the low concentration and complex background, most methods for detecting VOCs in exhaled breath samples required preconcentration prior ...

Enhancing liver disease diagnosis with hybrid SMOTE-ENN balanced machine learning models-an empirical analysis of Indian patient liver disease datasets.

INTRODUCTION: The liver is one of the vital organs of human body that performs some of the most crucial biological processes such as protein and bioch...

Deep learning-based framework for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterial growth detection for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Tuberculosis (TB) kills more people annually than any other pathogen. Resistance is an ever-increasing global problem, not least because diagnostics r...

Unmet needs in autoimmune liver diseases.

Autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis are well-defined autoimmune liver diseases, the pathophysiology ...

Application of Machine Learning and Emerging Health Technologies in the Uptake of HIV Testing: Bibliometric Analysis of Studies Published From 2000 to 2024.

BACKGROUND: The global targets for HIV testing for achieving the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 95-95-95 targets are still short....

Landscape of essential growth and fluconazole-resistance genes in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.

Fungi can cause devastating invasive infections, typically in immunocompromised patients. Treatment is complicated both by the evolutionary similarity...

Remote sensing-based detection of brown spot needle blight: a comprehensive review, and future directions.

Pine forests are increasingly threatened by needle diseases, including Brown Spot Needle Blight (BSNB), caused by . BSNB leads to needle loss, reduced...

Machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of hyperlipidemia in people living with HIV after starting HAART for 6 months.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to use machine learning models to predict the risk of hyperlipidemia in people living with HIV (PLWHs) for 6 ...

Evaluation of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy with IR Biotyper system for Streptococcus pneumoniae serotyping.

PURPOSE: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen and its virulence is centered on the expression of a polysaccharide capsule. Serotypi...

A generative adversarial network-based accurate masked face recognition model using dual scale adaptive efficient attention network.

Masked identification of faces is necessary for authentication purposes. Face masks are frequently utilized in a wide range of professions and sectors...

Paper-based SERS chip with adaptive attention neural network for pathogen identification.

High-speed and accuracy identification of pathogens has become increasingly critical in both individual patient care and public health. Artificial int...

Advances in Wastewater-Based Epidemiology for Pandemic Surveillance: Methodological Frameworks and Future Perspectives.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a transformative approach for community-level health monitoring, particularly during the COVID-19 p...

A Robust Cross-Platform Solution With the Sense2Quit System to Enhance Smoking Gesture Recognition: Model Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a leading cause of preventable death, and people with HIV have higher smoking rates and are more likely to experience smoking-r...

XVir: A Transformer-Based Architecture for Identifying Viral Reads from Cancer Samples.

It is estimated that approximately 15% of cancers worldwide can be linked to viral infections. The viruses that can cause or increase the risk of canc...

Combatting with β-Lactam Antibiotics: A Revived Weapon?

is a significant threat to public health as an aggressive, opportunistic pathogen. The use of β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporin...

New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma remains one of the leading contributors to global cancer mortality, frequently stemming from chronic liver conditions, such a...

Assisting the Diagnosis of Cirrhosis in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Based on Machine Learning Algorithms: A Novel Non-Invasive Approach.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the important features and cut-off values after demonstrating the detectability of cirrhosis using routine laborato...

Intestinal permeability of N-acetylcysteine is driven by gut microbiota-dependent cysteine palmitoylation.

Trillions of intestinal microbiota are essential to the permeability of orally administered drugs. However, identifying microbial-drug interactions re...