Infectious Disease

Vaccines

Latest AI and machine learning research in vaccines for healthcare professionals.

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Artificial Intelligence in Colposcopy: Evaluation of ChatGPT as a Diagnostic and Predictive Support Tool

Colposcopy remains a critical step in the diagnostic algorithm following a positive HPV test, but it suffers from limitations such as inter-operator variability and reliance on clinical expertise. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) could enhance diagnostic consistency and support decision-making, especially in resource-limited settings. To evaluate the performance of ChatGPT, a genera...

A simple feed forward neural network to predict the 2025 outbreak of measles in the USA

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease associated with a variety of severe complications. Since 1963, widespread usage of a highly effective vaccine has made measles a largely preventable disease. However, recent rises in vaccine hesitancy in the United States has seen increasing incidence of measles cases, including an ongoing (22nd March 2025) outbreak originating in Gaines County, Texas. ...

Mapping Inequities in Global Vaccine Sentiment Research

Negative public sentiment towards vaccination (PSV) poses significant challenges to the effectiveness of immunization programs, with dramatic effects ...

Diagnostic accuracy of a high-throughput multiplex immunoassay for the detection of Mpox virus infection and MVA-BN vaccination up to two years after exposure

Mpox, caused by mpox virus (MPXV), has gained global attention following the 2022 Clade IIb outbreak and the emergence of two novel Clade I lineages i...

Evaluation of the Bangkok Health Research and Ethics Interest Group: reflecting on the experiences of group members, researchers and facilitators participating in an urban community advisory board in Thailand

The Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), headquartered in Bangkok, conducts research on tropical medicine and global health. MORU wo...

Clinical-grade autonomous cytopathology via whole-slide edge tomography

Cytopathology plays a central role in the early detection of cancers such as cervical, lung, and bladder cancer due to its speed, simplicity, and mini...

Automating Handwritten Vaccination Record Transcription with Generative Multimodal AI Models: A Proof of Concept Study from The Gambia

Handwritten home-based vaccination records (HBRs) are a vital source of immunization data, yet manual transcription in household surveys is time-consu...

Characteristics and Early Diagnosis of Motor Neuron Disease (MND) in 67 million individuals in England: a comparative study on phenotyping models derived by AI, Knowledge Graphs and the MND Association

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative condition, making early diagnosis critical for optimizing patient outc...

Risk Prediction Modelling of 30-day all-cause mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention in an Australian population: Leveraging Machine Learning

Pre-procedural risk prediction of 30-day all-cause mortality after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) aids in clinical decision-making and bench...

Comparative Analysis of Long COVID and Post-Vaccination Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study of Clinical Symptoms and Machine Learning-Based Differentiation

Long COVID is a well-documented post-viral syndrome, while post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) remains poorly characterized. Understanding their similarit...

Spatial Distribution and Associated Factors Influencing 2024 Measles-Rubella Vaccination Campaign Coverage among Children Aged 9–59 Months in Mainland Tanzania

Globally, measles remains a major cause of child mortality, and rubella is the leading cause of birth defects among all infectious diseases. In Mainla...

From Sequences to Strategies: Early Detection of New SARS-CoV-2 Variants via Genetic Distance to Reduce Hospitalizations

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical need for robust methods to monitor viral evolution and detect emerging variants of concern (VOCs). Trad...

Candidate Correlates of Protection in the HVTN505 HIV-1 Vaccine Efficacy Trial Identified by Positive-Unlabeled Learning

With a goal of unveiling mechanisms by which vaccines can provide protection against HIV-1 acquisition, several studies have explored correlates of ri...

Machine Learning-Driven Identification of Serotype-Independent Pneumococcal Vaccine Candidates using samples from Human Infection Challenge Studies

Identifying conserved, immunogenic proteins that confer protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation could enable development of serotype-...

First-in-Human Study of a First-in-Class AI-Designed Monoclonal Antibody (GB-0669) Against the Conserved SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 Stem Helix

Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain provided effective COVID-19 treatment until resistant variants emerged. GB-0669 is a h...

Machine Learning Approach to Integrate and Analyse Multiomics data to Identify Actionable Biomarkers for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is ranked sixth among all the common cancers worldwide and is a major cause of death. A molecular unders...

Systems Vaccinology Reveals Distinct Immune Signatures of Inhaled and Intramuscular SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Humans

Mucosal vaccines may reduce both infection and transmission by engaging local immunity, yet the immunological pathways they activate in humans remain ...

Understanding the Relationship Between Germ Layer Origin and Cancer Therapy Response: A Systematic Review

Cancer therapeutic response patterns may be fundamentally influenced by embryonic germ layer origin. Emerging evidence suggests mesoderm-derived malig...

Open-source solution for evaluation and benchmarking of large language models for public health

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various natural language processing tasks, including text classification, in...

A three-dose MVA-BN mpox vaccination series improves the quality of anti-monkeypox virus immunity

The 2022 global outbreak of clade IIb mpox represented a turning point in public health’s handling of poxviruses. The primary vaccine available for pr...

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