Work Force

Antimicrobial resistance gene diversity, prevalence, and mobility within four landfills.

Antibiotics in landfills create selection pressures on the microorganisms present, selecting for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant organisms (ARO). The aim of this study was to assess whether landfills are hot-spots of antimicrobial resistance and whether landfills may contribute to global ARO diversity through ARG lateral gene transfer. Genome resolved metagenomic sequen...

The optimal conditioning intensity of stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission.

UNLABELLED: This study aimed to identify patient groups in which myeloablative conditioning (MAC) or reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens induced superior progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in complete remission (CR) using a machine-learning approach. Our study included 3273 patients aged 40–69 with AML in CR. The patients were divided into train...

Responses and drivers of phytoplankton to the anthropogenic water-sediment regulation in the Yellow River.

The operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir's intensive water-sediment regulation imposes a significant, pulsed anthropogenic disturbance on the downstr...

Generative AI in preanesthetic consultations: Effects on efficiency, documentation workload, quality, and physician-patient interaction: A simulation trial.

BACKGROUND: Clinicians spend over 30% of their workday on electronic health records, reducing patient interaction and contributing to burnout. Preanes...

Artificial intelligence in head and neck cancer rehabilitation services: current state and future perspectives.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review evaluates the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in head and neck cancer (HNC) rehabilitation services by ma...

Adoption of AI-Based Scribes in Telemedicine: Provider Attitudes and Insights.

BACKGROUND: Technological advancements and legislation have led to the widespread use of electronic health records (EHRs) in the 21st century. Along w...

Staged Diversity-Constrained Machine Learning for High-Dimensional Reaction Condition Optimization.

Optimizing reaction conditions in high-dimensional chemical spaces remains a central challenge in modern synthesis. In this context, we developed and ...

Using unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to improve access to blood in low- and middle-income countries: Current challenges and opportunities.

Blood transfusion is life-saving for patients in emergencies, but low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often face a severe shortage of banked bloo...

AI/ML-based strategies for enhancing equity, diversity, and inclusion in randomized clinical trials.

This paper introduces a conceptual framework designed to embed equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) across all stages of the clinical trial lifecycl...

Improving machine-learning development in allergology: bridging the gap between open-access and cohort-based databases.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The advent of high-throughput data generation and artificial intelligence has transformed allergy research. Open-access database (O...

Multimodal brain-gut-sleep phenotypes predict delirium, long-term cognitive decline, and survival after colorectal cancer surgery.

BACKGROUND: Neuroimmune, circadian, autonomic, and gut-brain processes jointly shape vulnerability to postoperative delirium and long-term cognitive d...

Large-Scale Histological Image Dataset with Metadata for Colorectal Cancer Microenvironment.

The pronounced heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in colorectal cancer (CRC) presents major obstacles in accurately predicting patient ...

Impact of AI Scribes on Physician Productivity and Workflow in Medical Oncology.

PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) scribes are being rapidly adopted in oncology, yet their real-world impact on physician productivity, workflow, ...

Trainable-parameter-free structural-diversity message passing for graph neural networks.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved strong performance in structured data modeling such as node classification. However, real-world graphs ofte...

Long-Term Caregivers' Perceptions and Expectations Toward the Use of Nursing Robots: A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Research.

This study aims to synthesize the perceptions and expectations of long-term caregivers regarding the use of nursing robots to inform strategies for en...

Educational Impact of Automated Feedback Systems in Surgical Training: A Systematic Review With Quantitative Synthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of automated feedback systems (AFS) on technical surgical skill acquisition in individuals undergoing surgical skill...

Artificial Intelligence to Support Human-Provided Mental Health Treatment.

Mental health disorders are some of the greatest contributors to the global disease burden, and healthcare systems are struggling to provide scalable ...

A Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Bipopulation With Uniform Sampling for Neural Architecture Search.

Neural architecture search (NAS) automates neural network design, improving efficiency over manual approaches. However, efficiently discovering high-p...

Mechanistic interpretability of reinforcement learning in Medicaid care coordination.

OBJECTIVE: To expose reasoning pathways of a reinforcement learning policy for Medicaid care coordination, develop an error taxonomy and implement fai...

Inferring context-specific site variation with evotuned protein language models.

Multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) have been traditionally used for making inferences about site-specific diversity in proteins. Recent advancements ...