AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Models, Neurological

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Born to learn: The inspiration, progress, and future of evolved plastic artificial neural networks.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society Aug 7, 2018
Biological neural networks are systems of extraordinary computational capabilities shaped by evolution, development, and lifelong learning. The interplay of these elements leads to the emergence of biological intelligence. Inspired by such intricate ...
Humans Computer Simulation Neuronal Plasticity Models, Neurological Neural Networks, Computer Machine Learning Forecasting Neurons Nerve Net
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Identifying individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on temporal variability of dynamic functional connectivity.

Scientific reports Aug 7, 2018
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder that emerges in school-age children. The diagnostic model based on neuroimaging features could be beneficial for ADHD in twofold: identifying individuals with ADHD and discovering t...
Models, Neurological Connectome Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Humans Adolescent Female Child Support Vector Machine Male Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted
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Evolving Spiking Neural Networks for online learning over drifting data streams.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society Aug 2, 2018
Nowadays huge volumes of data are produced in the form of fast streams, which are further affected by non-stationary phenomena. The resulting lack of stationarity in the distribution of the produced data calls for efficient and scalable algorithms fo...
Neurons Education, Distance Humans Neural Networks, Computer Algorithms Models, Neurological
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A Survey of Cognitive Architectures in the Past 20 Years.

IEEE transactions on cybernetics Aug 2, 2018
Building autonomous systems that achieve human level intelligence is one of the primary objectives in artificial intelligence (AI). It requires the study of a wide range of functions robustly across different phases of human cognition. This paper pre...
Cognition Humans Models, Neurological Neural Networks, Computer Memory Artificial Intelligence
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Analysis and Simulation of Capacitor-Less ReRAM-Based Stochastic Neurons for the in-Memory Spiking Neural Network.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems Jul 16, 2018
The stochastic neuron is a key for event-based probabilistic neural networks. We propose a stochastic neuron using a metal-oxide resistive random-access memory (ReRAM). The ReRAM's conducting filament with built-in stochasticity is used to mimic the ...
Memory Models, Neurological Poisson Distribution Transistors, Electronic Neural Networks, Computer
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Deep(er) Learning.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience Jul 13, 2018
Animals successfully thrive in noisy environments with finite resources. The necessity to function with resource constraints has led evolution to design animal brains (and bodies) to be optimal in their use of computational power while being adaptabl...
Association Learning Animals Signal Detection, Psychological Deep Learning Neuropil Conditioning, Operant Synapses Afferent Pathways Signal-To-Noise Ratio Reinforcement, Psychology Models, Neurological Mushroom Bodies Olfactory Perception Conditioning, Classical Drosophila melanogaster Olfactory Receptor Neurons Nerve Net Reward Avoidance Learning Environment Odorants
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Large-Scale, High-Resolution Comparison of the Core Visual Object Recognition Behavior of Humans, Monkeys, and State-of-the-Art Deep Artificial Neural Networks.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience Jul 13, 2018
Primates, including humans, can typically recognize objects in visual images at a glance despite naturally occurring identity-preserving image transformations (e.g., changes in viewpoint). A primary neuroscience goal is to uncover neuron-level mechan...
Species Specificity Macaca mulatta Animals Pattern Recognition, Visual Humans Recognition, Psychology Male Neural Networks, Computer Psychophysics Models, Neurological Discrimination, Psychological
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A molecular neuromorphic network device consisting of single-walled carbon nanotubes complexed with polyoxometalate.

Nature communications Jul 12, 2018
In contrast to AI hardware, neuromorphic hardware is based on neuroscience, wherein constructing both spiking neurons and their dense and complex networks is essential to obtain intelligent abilities. However, the integration density of present neuro...
Electrochemical Techniques Neurons Nanotubes, Carbon Microscopy, Atomic Force Tungsten Compounds Brain Computer Simulation Models, Neurological Humans Neural Networks, Computer Algorithms
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Scaling up molecular pattern recognition with DNA-based winner-take-all neural networks.

Nature Jul 4, 2018
From bacteria following simple chemical gradients to the brain distinguishing complex odour information, the ability to recognize molecular patterns is essential for biological organisms. This type of information-processing function has been implemen...
Pattern Recognition, Automated Memory Models, Neurological DNA Neurons Neural Networks, Computer
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Neuromorphic computing with multi-memristive synapses.

Nature communications Jun 28, 2018
Neuromorphic computing has emerged as a promising avenue towards building the next generation of intelligent computing systems. It has been proposed that memristive devices, which exhibit history-dependent conductivity modulation, could efficiently r...
Unsupervised Machine Learning Animals Electronics Humans Biomimetic Materials Models, Neurological Synapses Neural Networks, Computer Action Potentials Electric Conductivity
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