AIMC Topic: Natural Language Processing

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Aligning, Autoencoding and Prompting Large Language Models for Novel Disease Reporting.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
Given radiology images, automatic radiology report generation aims to produce informative text that reports diseases. It can benefit current clinical practice in diagnostic radiology. Existing methods typically rely on large-scale medical datasets an...

Analysing similarities between legal court documents using natural language processing approaches based on transformers.

PloS one
Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence have yielded promising results in addressing complex challenges within Natural Language Processing (NLP), serving as a vital tool for expediting judicial proceedings in the legal domain. This study focus...

Prompting large language models to extract chemical‒disease relation precisely and comprehensively at the document level: an evaluation study.

PloS one
Given the scarcity of annotated data, current deep learning methods face challenges in the field of document-level chemical-disease relation extraction, making it difficult to achieve precise relation extraction capable of identifying relation types ...

Year 2023 in Biomedical Natural Language Processing: a Tribute to Large Language Models and Generative AI.

Yearbook of medical informatics
OBJECTIVES: This synopsis gives insights into scientific publications from 2023 in Natural Language Processing for the biomedical domain. We present the process we followed to identify candidates for NLP's best papers and the two best papers of this ...

Natural Language Processing for Digital Health in the Era of Large Language Models.

Yearbook of medical informatics
OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing the natural language pro-cessing (NLP) landscape within healthcare, prompting the need to synthesize the latest ad-vancements and their diverse medical applications. We attempt to summarize...

Precision in Prevention and Health Surveillance: How Artificial Intelligence May Improve the Time of Identification of Health Concerns through Social Media Content Analysis.

Yearbook of medical informatics
OBJECTIVE: To explore how artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies, particularly through the analysis of social media content, can enhance "precision in prevention and health surveillance" (2024 Yearbook topic). The focus is on leveraging advanced ...

A Narrative Review on the Application of Large Language Models to Support Cancer Care and Research.

Yearbook of medical informatics
OBJECTIVES: The emergence of large language models has resulted in a significant shift in informatics research and carries promise in clinical cancer care. Here we provide a narrative review of the recent use of large language models (LLMs) to suppor...

Improving the usability of large emergency 911 data reporting systems: A machine learning case study using emergency incident descriptions.

Journal of safety research
INTRODUCTION: Emergency 9-1-1 incident data are recorded voluntarily within fire-department-specific computer-aided dispatch systems. The National Fire Incident Reporting System serves as a repository for these data, but inconsistency and variability...

Using Large Language Models to Automate Data Extraction From Surgical Pathology Reports: Retrospective Cohort Study.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: Popularized by ChatGPT, large language models (LLMs) are poised to transform the scalability of clinical natural language processing (NLP) downstream tasks such as medical question answering (MQA) and automated data extraction from clinic...

Developing a standardized framework for evaluating health apps using natural language processing.

Scientific reports
Despite regulatory efforts, many smartphone health applications remain unregulated, raising concerns about privacy, security, and evidence-based effectiveness. The lack of standardized regulation has led to the proliferation of over 130 frameworks, i...