AIMC Topic: Natural Language Processing

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A large language model-based clinical decision support system for syncope recognition in the emergency department: A framework for clinical workflow integration.

European journal of internal medicine Sep 28, 2024
Differentiation of syncope from transient loss of consciousness can be challenging in the emergency department (ED). Natural Language Processing (NLP) enables the analysis of free text in the electronic medical records (EMR). The present paper aimed ...
Aged Male Middle Aged Decision Support Systems, Clinical Electronic Health Records Female Emergency Service, Hospital Italy Triage Natural Language Processing Workflow Humans Syncope
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PAINe: An Artificial Intelligence-based Virtual Assistant to Aid in the Differentiation of Pain of Odontogenic versus Temporomandibular Origin.

Journal of endodontics Sep 27, 2024
INTRODUCTION: Pain associated with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is often confused with odontogenic pain, which is a challenge in endodontic diagnosis. Validated screening questionnaires can aid in the identification and differentiation of the ...
Toothache Artificial Intelligence Surveys and Questionnaires Humans Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Pain Measurement Diagnosis, Differential Natural Language Processing
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An open-source fine-tuned large language model for radiological impression generation: a multi-reader performance study.

BMC medical imaging Sep 27, 2024
BACKGROUND: The impression section integrates key findings of a radiology report but can be subjective and variable. We sought to fine-tune and evaluate an open-source Large Language Model (LLM) in automatically generating impressions from the remain...
Radiology Information Systems Natural Language Processing Observer Variation Tomography, X-Ray Computed Magnetic Resonance Imaging Humans Retrospective Studies
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Utilization of a natural language processing-based approach to determine the composition of artifact residues.

BMC bioinformatics Sep 27, 2024
BACKGROUND: Determining the composition of artifact residues is a central problem in ancient residue metabolomics. This is done by comparing mass spectral features in common with an experimental artifact and an ancient artifact (standard method). Whi...
Artifacts Natural Language Processing Plants Algorithms Mass Spectrometry Metabolomics
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Generative language models on nucleotide sequences of human genes.

Scientific reports Sep 27, 2024
Language models, especially transformer-based ones, have achieved colossal success in natural language processing. To be precise, studies like BERT for natural language understanding and works like GPT-3 for natural language generation are very impor...
Humans Natural Language Processing Base Sequence Computational Biology Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Using Natural Language Processing (GPT-4) for Computed Tomography Image Analysis of Cerebral Hemorrhages in Radiology: Retrospective Analysis.

Journal of medical Internet research Sep 26, 2024
BACKGROUND: Cerebral hemorrhage is a critical medical condition that necessitates a rapid and precise diagnosis for timely medical intervention, including emergency operation. Computed tomography (CT) is essential for identifying cerebral hemorrhage,...
Natural Language Processing Tomography, X-Ray Computed Cerebral Hemorrhage Humans Retrospective Studies
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Processing of Short-Form Content in Clinical Narratives: Systematic Scoping Review.

Journal of medical Internet research Sep 26, 2024
BACKGROUND: Clinical narratives are essential components of electronic health records. The adoption of electronic health records has increased documentation time for hospital staff, leading to the use of abbreviations and acronyms more frequently. Th...
Natural Language Processing Humans Electronic Health Records Narration
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Guide for the application of the data augmentation approach on sets of texts in Spanish for sentiment and emotion analysis.

PloS one Sep 26, 2024
Over the last ten years, social media has become a crucial data source for businesses and researchers, providing a space where people can express their opinions and emotions. To analyze this data and classify emotions and their polarity in texts, nat...
Language Natural Language Processing Deep Learning Machine Learning Emotions Humans Algorithms Social Media Neural Networks, Computer
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A Large Language Model to Detect Negated Expressions in Radiology Reports.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine Sep 25, 2024
Natural language processing (NLP) is crucial to extract information accurately from unstructured text to provide insights for clinical decision-making, quality improvement, and medical research. This study compared the performance of a rule-based NLP...
Natural Language Processing Radiology Information Systems Large Language Models Humans
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Larger and more instructable language models become less reliable.

Nature Sep 25, 2024
The prevailing methods to make large language models more powerful and amenable have been based on continuous scaling up (that is, increasing their size, data volume and computational resources) and bespoke shaping up (including post-filtering, fine ...
Reproducibility of Results Feedback Research Design Natural Language Processing
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