Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 831 to 840 of 213,401 articles

CANDOR: Chance-Calibrated Discordance in Frozen Foundation Encoders

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Frozen encoders are chosen by how well a lightweight head reads a finding from their features, not whether the geometry separates it. Nearest-neighbor discordance does, but with unequal banks the opposite-label neighbor wins on density, not geometry,... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI cs.CL cs.CV

DuSPiT: Dual-Branch Sub-Patch Pixel Diffusion Transformer

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Diffusion Transformers achieve strong image generation performance, but most operate in compressed latent spaces. Pixel-space diffusion avoids this information loss, yet existing approaches map each raw image patch to a single token, forcing one repr... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Attention Without Grounding: Causal Evaluation of Visual Explanations in Medical VLMs

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Attention and saliency heatmaps are widely used to explain medical Vision-Language Model (VLM) outputs on chest X-rays, yet whether they truly highlight the image evidence driving predictions has not been causally tested. We audit faithfulness via ov... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

GQD-AdsNet: Graph Neural Networks Unlock Rapid Exploration of Transition Metal Adsorption on Graphene Quantum Dots

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
In recent years, interest in single-atom catalysts supported on carbon-based structures has grown considerably due to their high catalytic activity and efficient uses of metal atoms. However, the design and characterization of these materials through... read more 
Materials Science cs.LG

Calibrated Alzheimer's Conversion Risk in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Persistent Homology of Clinical Trajectories with Conformal Guarantees

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Background. Predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is central to trial enrichment and care planning, yet existing models provide no individual-level uncertainty estimates and rarely include transparent ... read more 
Machine Learning stat.ML

Bio-SFT: Asymmetric Cortical Guidance and Retinal Adaptation for Robust HDR Reconstruction

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Recovering high dynamic range (HDR) radiance from a single standard dynamic range (SDR) image is highly ill-posed. Extreme luminance variation and severe quantization in dark regions make accurate reconstruction challenging, often leading to visual a... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

DA-MergeLoRA: Hypernetwork-Based LoRA Merging for Few-Shot Test-Time Domain Adaptation

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Few-shot Test-Time Domain Adaptation (FSTT-DA) seeks to adapt models to novel domains using only a handful of unlabeled target samples. This setting is more realistic than typical domain adaptation setups, which assume access to target data during so... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

TraversRL: Traversable Pedestrian Pathway Generation With Reinforcement Learning

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Automatically generating pedestrian pathways from aerial images requires producing a connected network suitable for routing, not just detecting where sidewalks appear. Sidewalks and crossings, in contrast to roads, may be partially occluded, implicit... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Residual-Guided Multi-Resolution Refinement of Foundation Models: A Case Study in Drought Forecasting

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Regional climate prediction presents unique challenges for time series foundation models, which typically process temporal patterns through single-pass inference. Expert climatologists, in contrast, employ multi-scale temporal analysis and iterative ... read more 
Machine Learning

Retrieval-Augmented Interpretable Learning: Towards Task-Specific Zero-Shot Models in Healthcare

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
We introduce Retrieval-Augmented Interpretable Learning (RAIL), a probabilistic meta-learning framework for zero-shot generation of task-specific interpretable models that synthesizes coefficient-space structure from natural-language task description... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI
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