Anesthesiology

Artificial intelligence-generated color overlay for ultrasound identification of the brachial plexus in regional anesthesia: an external validation study.

PURPOSE: Accurate identification of neural structures is essential for safe ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. Although artificial intelligence (AI)-generated color overlay has been introduced to support anatomical recognition, external validation using clinically oriented evaluation methods remains limited. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of an AI-generated color overlay for visualizing ...

Patient-Specific Instrumentation Improves Technical Execution Accuracy After Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Preoperative Planning in Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted preoperative planning may improve anatomic characterization and implant-size prediction in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). However, whether patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) provides additional technical benefit when added to AI-assisted planning remains unclear. We developed and validated an AI-assisted preoperative planning workflo...

Association of preoperative monocyte level with postoperative delirium in patients receiving cardiac surgery under propofol-based anesthesia: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium is a common complication after cardiac surgery, and perioperative inflammation may contribute to its development. H...

Clinical Evaluation of an AI-Assisted Decision Support System for General Anesthesia Management Based on Data From 6 Centers: Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND: AI is rapidly transforming medical practice, with emerging applications in perioperative care and anesthesiology. However, the clinical im...

Off-target effects of DREADD ligands revealed by an anesthesia emergence paradigm in mice.

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) enable reversible control of specific neural circuits, but the pharmacological ne...

The VISION-AI Trial: protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled non-inferiority trial comparing artificial intelligence-guided colonoscopy to pancolonic chromoendoscopy for neoplasia detection in adults with colorectal inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Current guidelines recommend pancolonic chromoendoscopy (pCE) over white light endoscopy (WLE) alone for colorectal neoplasia (CRN) detect...

Artificial intelligence-assisted detection and optical differentiation of colorectal lesions in Lynch syndrome surveillance (CADLY2): a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided detection (CADe) systems improve adenoma detection in average-risk colorectal cancer scr...

Simulator development using natural language: clinician-led innovation through artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare simulation training faces significant barriers due to the "clinician-developer gap," where educators lack programming expertise...

Machine Learning Prediction of Postoperative Mortality in Older Emergency Surgery Patients.

INTRODUCTION: The older adult population account for 35% of emergency general surgery (EGS) admissions and have an increased risk-adjusted odds of mor...

Explainable Machine-Learning Model for Predicting Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients Undergoing Metabolic Bariatric Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Severe obstructive sleep apnea (SOSA) is associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications in patients undergoing metabolic...

State of Medical Education Research in Anesthesiology: Current Landscape and Future Directions-An Initiative of the Anesthesia Research Council.

BACKGROUND: Without strategic intervention to support medical education research in anesthesiology, the training of future anesthesiologists may be co...

State of Medical Education Research in Anesthesiology: Current Landscape and Future Directions-An Initiative of the Anesthesia Research Council.

BACKGROUND: Without strategic intervention to support medical education research in anesthesiology, the training of future anesthesiologists may be co...

Association Between the Hemoglobin-to-Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Ratio and Perioperative Mortality Risk in Myasthenia Gravis Patients with Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the association between the Hemoglobin/Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio (HRR) and perioperative mortality in mya...

Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Perioperative Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac surgery carries a significant risk of complications and mortality. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML)...

Multimodal Machine Learning Model Predicting Postoperative Delirium Based on Heart Rate Variability: A Prospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium is a common and serious complication after general anesthesia; its accurate prediction remains a substantial challe...

Comparative effectiveness of arthroscopic-assisted uniportal surgery versus percutaneous endoscopic decompression in lumbar spinal stenosis.

Single-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) that does not respond to conservative therapy is now of the standard care given due to minimal invasive deco...

Artificial intelligence with mucosal exposure devices versus artificial intelligence alone in detection of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Both artificial intelligence (AI) and mucosal exposure devices (MEDs) have been shown to improve adenoma detection rate and reduc...

Prediction of spinal cord injury after thoracoabdominal aortic repair by machine learning method.

BACKGROUND: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe complication after thoracoabdominal aortic repair (TAAR), substantially increasing postoperative mort...

Perioperative corticosteroids and pancreatic surgery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis combining human expertise and AI support (ChatGPT).

Pancreatic surgery is associated with high postoperative morbidity. The role of corticosteroids (CCS) in pancreatic surgery remains uncertain. Systema...

Forecasting Excessive Anesthesia Depth Using EEG α-Spindle Dynamics and Machine Learning.

Accurately predicting transitions to anesthetic drugs overdosage is a critical challenge in general anesthesia as it requires the identification of EE...