Atherosclerosis

A machine-learning-based tool for stroke risk prediction in blunt cerebrovascular injury: development and preliminary evaluation.

PURPOSE: Stroke risk correlates with the Biffl grading system in blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI). Although anti-thrombotic therapy is the mainstay of stroke prevention, no point-of-care clinical decision-support tool exists to guide timing for therapy. We sought to develop an interactive online calculator that incorporates patient-specific demographic and injury characteristics to estimate str...

Plaque-level machine-learning prediction of carotid plaque vulnerability on computed tomography angiography.

Machine learning integrated clinical-proteomics data identifies a 6-protein panel signature for atherosclerotic severity and enhanced patient stratification.

Atherosclerosis, a major cause of adverse cardiovascular events and mortality rates worldwide, stems from sustained lipid accumulation and subsequent ...

An Open-Source Deep Learning Framework for Automated Corneal Segmentation in Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography With Cross-Device External Validation.

PURPOSE: To develop a deep learning model-Cornea nnU-Net Extractor (CUNEX)-for full-thickness corneal segmentation of anterior segment optical coheren...

Regulatory risk loci link disrupted androgen response to the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome.

A major challenge in deciphering the complex genetic landscape of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) lies in the limited understanding of how susceptibi...

Vessel Wall Imaging at 7T: State of the Art.

Intracranial vessel wall imaging (VWI) has emerged as a critical tool in neurovascular diagnostics, enabling direct assessment of the vessel wall, whi...

Targeting cholesterol metabolism: a core regulator of tumor-associated macrophage plasticity and immunotherapy response.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the main immunosuppressive components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Growing evidence indicates t...

Ischaemia in tuberculous meningitis: update on pathophysiology, clinical predictors and management.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, associated with high mortality and ...

AI-Derived LA Volume Index, LA/RA and LA/LV Volume Ratios From Coronary Artery Calcium Scans Predict Long-Term Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke.

BACKGROUND: The AI-CVD initiative aims to extract actionable insights from coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans beyond the traditional CAC score. Altho...

Single-cell spatiotemporal dissection of the human maternal-fetal interface.

The human maternal-fetal interface is characterized by mosaic intermingling of maternal and fetal cells1. Yet the underlying cellular, molecular and s...

Bias, fairness, and equity in artificial intelligence systems used in dental imaging: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in dental imaging for automated interpretation of dental images and as a clinical decisi...

Drug repurposing in Alzheimer's disease: Emerging therapeutic strategies and promising candidates.

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the most common cause of dementia, which causes 60-70 % of cases worldwide, and i...

Elucidating the role of SF3B3 in coronary atherosclerosis: integrating bioinformatics and machine learning for advanced insights.

Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy: Innovations, standardized practice, and emerging clinical roles.

Capsule endoscopy has transformed small bowel evaluation but remains limited for gastric examination because of passive, peristalsis dependent movemen...

Carotid Imaging: Current Concepts and Advanced Imaging.

Carotid atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic stroke, historically managed according to luminal stenosis severity. However, stenosis alone fail...

Integrative proteomics to illuminate host-parasite interactions in malaria.

Genomic studies have transformed malaria research but provide only indirect proxies for the functional processes that govern infection progression and...

Quantitative Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Burden From CCTA and the Benefit From Lipid-Lowering Medication.

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that quantification of coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden by artificial intelligence-guided quantitative computed tomo...

Physics-informed graph neural networks for real-time prediction of wall shear stress in stenotic coronary arteries.

Wall shear stress (WSS) is a key hemodynamic parameter associated with atherosclerotic plaque development in coronary arteries. In this study, we deve...

Towards a physics informed digital twin to predict cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular regulation.

Cerebral blood flow is essential for brain function and is governed by cerebral perfusion pressure and physiological mechanisms collectively referred ...

The prognostic significance of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and glucose (CHG) index in evaluating all-cause mortality risk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) individuals: evidence from two cohort studies.