Autism

Pharmacological manipulation of nested oscillations in human iPSC-derived 2D neuronal networks.

Dynamically coupled neural networks are fundamental to human cognition and behavior and are disrupted in neurodevelopmental disorders. The formation and dissolution of functional networks is thought to be driven by synchronized oscillatory bursts across large populations of neurons. The mechanisms driving the emergence of these rhythms, known as oscillogenesis, are not well understood, particularl...

Interpersonal Coordination Deficits in Joint Action in Pre-school Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From fNIRS Hyper-Scanning and Machine Learning.

PURPOSE: Whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit interpersonal coordination deficits remains controversy. The study employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning technology to investigate the performance of children with ASD in interpersonal cooperation and competition coordination tasks under dyadic gamed interaction situation. METHODS: 42 children (21 ...

Combined Modeling Approaches for Assessing Sodium-Iodide Symporter Inhibition.

The sodium-iodide symporter (NIS, SLC5A5) plays a crucial role in thyroid hormone synthesis. Especially during brain development, correct thyroid sign...

Deep learning assessment of fetal brain maturation on 3D ultrasound volumes in early-onset fetal growth restriction.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify fetal brain maturation in fetuses with early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) by estimating gestational age (GA) based on ...

Evaluation of the neurotrophic peptide mixture in pathogenetic therapy of patients with Parkinson's disease.

This exploratory, single-group, open-label study investigated 17 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using a pre-post design. Motor and non-motor o...

An integrated machine learning framework for developing a transcriptomic analysis and machine learning-based diagnostic model of gout based on sleep disorder-related genes.

Gout, often comorbid with sleep disorders (SDs), is prevalent in inflammatory arthritis. This comorbidity is notable in patients with impaired renal f...

Aperiodic parameters of the fMRI power spectrum associate with preterm birth and neonatal age.

Perinatal period is a critical time for brain development and premature-born children have an elevated likelihood for neurodevelopmental conditions. W...

Group-based trajectory modelling and interpretable machine learning to identify factors associated with neurodevelopmental trajectories in preterm infants.

Full-Endoscopic Spine Surgery for Adjacent Segment Disease Using Artificial Intelligence-Assisted 3-Dimensional MRI/CT Fusion Imaging: A Case Report.

CASE: An 82-year-old woman presented with right medial thigh pain. Her medical history included multiple lumbar decompression and fusion surgeries. Sh...

SHAP-based explainable machine learning analysis of reward-related neural connectivity to predict preadolescent irritability.

Preadolescent irritability is a robust transdiagnostic neurodevelopmental predictor of later psychopathology, linked to altered reward processing-a co...

A Framework for Healthcare from the Eye: Oculomics as a Powerful Window to Systemic Health.

PURPOSE: To present a comprehensive framework for integrating oculomics to assess ocular and systemic health into coordinated health care delivery mod...

Generative Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Saliency Analysis of Eye Tracking in Cerebral/Cortical Visual Impairment (SET-CVI).

PURPOSE: Children with cerebral/cortical visual impairment (CVI) have neurological conditions that impact visual pathways in the brain, leading to def...

The role of the kynurenine pathway in the pathophysiology of autism-like phenotype induced by maternal inflammation in male mice.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with core symptoms that may include deficits in communication, social challenges, and ...

Machine Learning Prediction of Pharmacogenetic Testing Uptake Among Opioid-Prescribed Patients Using Electronic Health Records: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Opioids are a widely prescribed class of medication for pain management. However, they have variable efficacy and adverse effects among pa...

Predatory aggression evolved through adaptations to noradrenergic circuits.

Behaviours are adaptive traits evolving through natural selection. Crucially, the genetic, molecular and neural modifications that shape behavioural i...

Personalized surveillance in giant congenital melanocytic nevus, including the role of AI, histopathology and MC1R genotyping: A case report.

Giant congenital melanocytic nevi (GCMN) are rare pigmented skin lesions present at birth that carry an increased risk of malignant melanoma and neuro...

Evolution of the gut microbiome in infancy: recent advances.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The early-life gut microbiome is a dynamic ecosystem that alongside other niches, such as the oral and skin microbiomes, undergoes ...

GIN-transformer based pairwise graph contrastive learning framework.

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) provides critical biomarkers for diagnosing neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism sp...

Biomarker discovery in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Advances and challenges in electrophysiological, genetic, neuroimaging, and neuroinflammatory approaches.

In Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS), a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, the absence of validated biomarkers limits our ability to detec...

Exploring Primary and Interaction Effects of Minor Physical Anomalies: Development and Validation of Prediction Models Using Explainable Machine Learning Algorithms for Early-Onset Schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Minor physical abnormalities (MPAs) are neurodevelopmental markers that can be traced to prenatal events and may be signifi...