Brain Cancer

Temozolomide radiochemotherapy for high-grade glioma patients with hemodialysis: a case series of 7 patients.

BACKGROUND: The pharmacokinetics of temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with severe renal impairments (creatinine clearance, <36 mL/min/m) or in hemodialysis (HD) patients has not been investigated. TMZ and its metabolic products are mainly excreted in urine, as retention of these in the body may result in increased adverse events in HD patients.

The role of artificial intelligence in medical imaging research.

Without doubt, artificial intelligence (AI) is the most discussed topic today in medical imaging research, both in diagnostic and therapeutic. For diagnostic imaging alone, the number of publications on AI has increased from about 100-150 per year in 2007-2008 to 1000-1100 per year in 2017-2018. Researchers have applied AI to automatically recognizing complex patterns in imaging data and providing...

Comparative clinical evaluation of atlas and deep-learning-based auto-segmentation of organ structures in liver cancer.

BACKGROUND: Accurate and standardized descriptions of organs at risk (OARs) are essential in radiation therapy for treatment planning and evaluation. ...

Winter is over: The use of Artificial Intelligence to individualise radiation therapy for breast cancer.

Artificial intelligence demonstrated its value for automated contouring of organs at risk and target volumes as well as for auto-planning of radiation...

Isolated Hepatic Metastasis of Prostate Cancer with Variable F-fluociclovine Uptake by PET/CT Imaging.

A 74-year-old man presented with rapid rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 2 years after treatment of prostate cancer with prostatectomy and salvag...

Artificial intelligence based approaches to evaluate actual evapotranspiration in wetlands.

Wetlands are extraordinary ecosystems and important climate regulators that also contribute to reduce natural disaster risk. Unfortunately, wetlands a...

Novel approaches for glioblastoma treatment: Focus on tumor heterogeneity, treatment resistance, and computational tools.

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor. Currently, the suggested line of action is the surgical resection followed ...

Temporally downsampled cerebral CT perfusion image restoration using deep residual learning.

PURPOSE: Acute ischemic stroke is one of the most causes of death all over the world. Onset to treatment time is critical in stroke diagnosis and trea...

Identification of genes of four malignant tumors and a novel prediction model development based on PPI data and support vector machines.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), ovarian cancer (OV), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are common malignant tumors,...

Improving automatic delineation for head and neck organs at risk by Deep Learning Contouring.

INTRODUCTION: Adequate head and neck (HN) organ-at-risk (OAR) delineation is crucial for HN radiotherapy and for investigating the relationships betwe...

Effect of Radiation Doses to the Heart on Survival for Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Early-stage Non-Small-cell Lung Cancer: An Artificial Neural Network Approach.

INTRODUCTION: The cardiac radiation dose is an important predictor of cardiac toxicity and overall survival (OS) for patients with locally advanced no...

Preparing for Artificial Intelligence: Systems-Level Implications for the Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy Professions.

Innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) are driving a new industrial revolution, and as a result, the medical radiation sciences is experiencing t...

Deep learning in the detection of high-grade glioma recurrence using multiple MRI sequences: A pilot study.

The identification of high-grade glioma (HGG) progression may pose a diagnostic dilemma due to similar appearances of treatment-related changes (TRC) ...

[Basis and perspectives of artificial intelligence in radiation therapy].

Artificial intelligence is a highly polysemic term. In computer science, with the objective of being able to solve totally new problems in new context...

A Super-Learner Model for Tumor Motion Prediction and Management in Radiation Therapy: Development and Feasibility Evaluation.

In cancer radiation therapy, large tumor motion due to respiration can lead to uncertainties in tumor target delineation and treatment delivery, thus ...

Outpatient Anesthesia Facilitates Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Lung Cancer Patients With Advanced Cognitive Impairments.

PURPOSE: To report on the use of outpatient anesthesia (OPA) facilitating delivery of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with seve...

Artificial Intelligence and the Medical Radiation Profession: How Our Advocacy Must Inform Future Practice.

There is no escaping the fact that academics are devoting unrelenting attention to the impact artificial intelligence will have on health care. Radiol...

Two stage residual CNN for texture denoising and structure enhancement on low dose CT image.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: X-ray computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in modern medical science. Human health problems caused by CT radiati...

Optimizing robot motion for robotic ultrasound-guided radiation therapy.

An important aspect of robotic radiation therapy is active compensation of target motion. Recently, ultrasound has been proposed to obtain real-time v...

Clinical Study on Minimally Invasive Liquefaction and Drainage of Hypertensive Putaminal Hemorrhage through Frontal Approach.

 Hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the most common cerebrovascular diseases with high mortality and high disability rate. The aim of th...