Cardiovascular

A Simulation-Free Radiation Therapy Workflow Using Synthetic Computed Tomography Generated from Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Personalized Hippocampal-Sparing Whole-Brain Treatment.

PURPOSE: The conventional computed tomography (CT)-based consultation to simulation process for hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiation therapy (HS-WBRT) typically requires several days, delaying treatment initiation for patients who would benefit from expedited care. We developed a simulation-free, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-only workflow for HS-WBRT to accelerate treatment start and main...

FDA-authorized oncology artificial intelligence and machine learning devices and their clinical evidence: A cross-sectional analysis.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) tools are increasingly embedded in cancer care, yet the scope of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oncology-specific authorizations and the clinical evidence described in publicly available decision documentation remain unclear. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of FDA-authorized AI/ML-enabled devices with onco...

Nanomaterials reshaping cancer radiotherapy: Radiosensitization mechanisms, delivery and theranostic platforms, multimodal synergy, and clinical translation strategies.

Radiotherapy (RT) remains a cornerstone of cancer management but is fundamentally constrained by normal tissue toxicity, intrinsic and acquired radior...

World Health Organization classification of tumours of the breast 6th edition 2026.

The 6th edition of the WHO Classification of Breast Tumours introduces both major and minor changes based on recent advances in our understanding of b...

From pixels to pathology: how artificial intelligence mammographic risk scores capture tumor biology through imaging.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize clinical-pathologic tumor features associated with artificial intelligence (AI)-generated risk scores from prior-year scre...

Online adaptive radiotherapy: Clinical utility, challenges and perspectives.

Online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) represents a major evolution in radiation oncology, enabling daily plan adaptation to account for anatomical varia...

AI-based synthetic CT attenuation correction enables reliable quantitative SPECT in unilateral condylar hyperplasia.

PURPOSE: Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is a rare mandibular growth disorder in which accurate assessment of condylar metabolic activity is ess...

Development of machine learning and nomogram models to predict lung metastasis and prognosticate survival in breast cancer.

PURPOSE: Lung metastasis in breast cancer (BCLM) is a critical determinant of poor prognosis, occurring in approximately 30-50% of advanced cases and ...

Cauchy Lotus Optimization-based feature selection and ResNet 101 based XceptionNet architecture for radiation pneumonitis prediction in lung cancer patients.

Thoracic radiotherapy for lung cancer patients followed by radiation pneumonitis (RP) has significant clinical side effects. Risk-adaptive treatment p...

Use of Large Language Models to Enhance Failure Mode and Effects Analysis: A Case Study.

PURPOSE: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is widely used in radiation oncology to proactively identify and mitigate risks, but it is time-cons...

A review of clinical trial radiotherapy quality assurance: value, evolution and lessons.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Deviations in radiotherapy quality can significantly affect clinical trial outcomes, including overall survival. Radiotherapy ...

Ultrasound-MRI Fusion Deep Learning Radiomics Nomogram: Refining Prognostic Stratification for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

[Current status and future perspectives of precision treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer].

The treatment paradigm for locally advanced rectal cancer is undergoing a fundamental transformation from the traditional fixed triad of "radiotherapy...

[Research progress in clinical pathology and molecular mechanisms of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma].

Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) is a rare exocrine malignancy of the pancreas with an increasing incidence, histologically defined by the co...

Neural network reveals platelet age from fluorescence microscopy images.

Platelets are small, anucleate cells with a primary physiological role in vascular damage repair (hemostasis) and initiation of thrombus formation in ...

Beyond chemotherapy: The rise of nucleic acid nanoformulations in personalized lung cancer therapy.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, driven by complex crosstalk among genetic, molecular, and environmental f...

Identifying environmental factors associated with tetrodotoxin contamination in bivalve mollusks using eXplainable AI.

Since 2012, tetrodotoxin (TTX) has been found in seafoods such as bivalve mollusks in temperate European waters. TTX contamination leads to food safet...

Bridging In Silico Design and Experimental Validation: Virtual Screening and In Vitro Assessment of Biomimetic Anticancer Peptides Inspired by Horseshoe Crab Hemolymph Proteins.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, necessitating the development of more selective and safer the...

Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: AUA/ASTRO Guideline Amendment (2026).

PURPOSE: Following completion of the 2025 Update Literature Review (ULR), the American Urological Association (AUA) incorporated new evidence generate...

Machine Learning-Based Synthetic Computed Tomography Derived From Temporal Bone Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

IMPORTANCE: For diagnostics and presurgical planning in otology, both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are frequently req...